We analyze insurance demand when insurable losses come with an uninsurable zero-mean background risk that increases in the loss size. If individual is vulnerable, loss-dependent triggers a precautionary motive and optimal demand. Prudence alone sufficient for to increase two cases: case of fair where smallest possible exceeds certain threshold value (referred as large case). derive conditions u...

While the traditional facility location problem considers exogenous demand, in some applications, locations of facilities could affect willingness customers to use certain types services, e.g., carsharing, and therefore they also realizations random demand. Moreover, a decision maker may not know exact distribution such endogenous demand how it is affected by choices. In this paper, we consider...

the aim of this study was to represent effective componentsin demand chain which help organizations attain high performance levelsthrough identification of these components and determining theirdegree of importance. the following questions were major ideas of thisstudy: what are the most effective components in demand chain? andhow are they effective on organizational performance? to this end,m...

the increasing consumption of electricity in iran is one of the greatest concerns of the government. using the subsidy-based pricing system is one of the main reasons of improper pattern of residential electricity consumption that has imposed great cost over the government due to the increased number of consumers and their improper way of consuming electricity. in this paper, we analyze the fac...

Sanitation improvement is crucial in saving lives that are lost due to water contamination. Progress towards achieving full sanitation coverage is still slow in low-income informal settlements in most developing countries. Furthermore, resources are being wasted on installing facilities that are later misused or never used because they do not meet the local demand. Understanding demand for impr...

An order level inventory model for seasonable/fashionable products subject to a period of increasing demand followed by a period of level demand and then by a period of decreasing demand rate three branches ramp type demand rate is considered. The unsatisfied demand is partially backlogged with a time dependent backlogging rate. In addition, the product deteriorates with a time dependent, namel...

We investigate advertising level, pricing and production decision problems in a supply chain when demand and cost disruptions occur simultaneously. The channel consists of one manufacturer and one retailer where demand depends on retail price and advertisement expenditure. We examine the case in both cooperative game and non-cooperative Stackelberg game.

This paper investigates a production inventory model under classical EPQ framework with the assumption that customer demand during stock-out period is affected by accumulated back-orders. The backlog rate not fixed; instead, assumed to decrease proportionally existing which thereby approximated piecewise constant function. Deteriorating items are taken into consideration in this work. For bette...