in the nighttime, drainage flow occurs along the basin sideslope and advects cold air to the boundary layer over the basin bottom (bbl), intensifying the cooling rate of the layer. a nocturnal cold air lake develops in the basin, attaining a depth nearly equal to the topographical depth of the basin. heat budget analysis of the whole basin surface shows that net radiative flux closely balances ...

Pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of Al2O3 -water nanofluids is studied experimentally using a NiCr test wire of 36 standard wire guage diameter. The experimental work mainly concentrated on (1) change of critical heat flux with different volume concentrations of nanofluid and (2) flow visualization of pool boiling using a fixed concentration of nanofluid at different heat flux values....

fire behavior of different types of eps was evaluated with the use of iso 5660 cone calorimeter test method. considering the complexity of behavior of eps against high temperatures, several specimens were tested, so a betterjudgment on fire behavior of this material could be acquired. the effects of foam density, thickness of specimens and the level of heat flux on fire behavior of foam were ex...

In this paper we explore how precisely the magnetic up/down symmetry must be controlled to insure sharing of edge localized mode (ELM) heat flux between upper and lower diverters in a double-null tokamak. We show for DIH-D, using infrared thermography, that the spatial distribution of Type-I ELM energy is less strongly affected by variations in magnetic geometry than is the time-averaged peak h...

In this paper, we present an experimental investigation of pool boiling heat transfer on multiscale (micro/ nano) functionalized metallic surfaces. Heat transfer enhancement in metallic surfaces is very important for large scale high heat flux applications like in the nuclear power industry. The multiscale structures were fabricated via a femtosecond laser surface process (FLSP) technique, whic...

[1] We studied the thermomechanical effects on surface heat flow near major faults from positive feedback between temperature-dependent thermal conductivity k(T)∝ (1/T) and frictional heating in a crust-lithosphere system using finite element simulations. Variable conductivity and frictional heating cause a drastic reduction in the thermal conductivity, and these changes can impact the heat flu...

Recent observations show that the thermal boundary conditions within large-scale fires are significantly affected by the presence of thermally massive objects. These objects cool the soot and gas near their surfaces, and these effects reduce the incoming radiant heat-flux to values lower than the levels expected from simple σTfire models. They also affect the flow and temperature fields in the ...

A new estimate of the heat budget for the North Pacific Ocean is presented in this paper. The seasonal net heat flux and heat storage rates were calculated for the North Pacific Ocean from 1950 to 1990 on a spatial resolution of 58 3 58. Temperature profiles from the National Ocean Data Center were used to calculate the heat storage rates. Satellite remotely sensed solar irradiance and ship mar...

In this paper, we discuss observations of temperature variability in the tidal portion of the San Joaquin River in California. The San Joaquin River makes up the southern portion of the Sacramento San Joaquin Delta, the eastern end of San Francisco Bay. Observations made in August 2004 and August 2005 show significant diurnal variations in temperature in response to surface heat exchange. Howev...