Genome wide association analyses have revealed large numbers of common variants influencing predisposition to type 2 diabetes and related phenotypes. These studies have predominantly featured European populations, but are now being extended to samples from a wider range of ethnic groups. The transethnic analysis of association data is already providing insights into the genetic, molecular and b...

The increasing worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) motivates efforts to use genetics to define key pathways involved in disease predisposition, and thereby to improve management of the disease. Research over the past 5 years has taken the total number of genetic loci implicated in T2D susceptibility beyond 60, and the emphasis is now shifting to the translation of these genetic insigh...

For the past two decades, genetics has been widely explored as a tool for unraveling the pathogenesis of diabetes. Many risk alleles for type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia have been detected in recent years through massive genome-wide association studies and evidence exists that most of these variants influence pancreatic β-cell function. However, risk alleles in five loci seem to have a primary...

Over the past two years, there has been a spectacular change in the capacity to identify common genetic variants that contribute to predisposition to complex multifactorial phenotypes such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). The principal advance has been the ability to undertake surveys of genome-wide association in large study samples. Through these and related efforts, approximately 20 common variants...

Macrophages from animals prone to autoimmune (type 1) diabetes differ from those of diabetes-resistant animals in processing and clearing apoptotic cells. Using in vitro time-course assays of the number of engulfed apoptotic cells observed within macrophages, we quantified these differences in non-obese diabetic (NOD) versus Balb/c mice. Simple models lead to several elementary parameter estima...

Twenty two out of 86 insulin dependent diabetics had serum C4 concentrations below the normal range. None of 41 non-insulin dependent diabetics tested had low concentrations. Low C4 values were seen in insulin dependent diabetes irrespective of the duration of the disease and did not appear to correlate with complement activation. There was a close correlation in C4 values between identical cot...

Diabetes mellitus is considered as a predisposition factor for active tuberculosis and is known to activate the latent form of tuberculosis. However, the causative association of latent tuberculosis with diabetes is not conclusively established. Therefore, it is of interest to relate their predisposition. We describe the glycation pattern of mescenchymal stem cell surface markers as CD271+/CD45...

2D compounds with nonzero Berry curvature are ideal systems to study exotic and technologically favorable thermoelectric magnetoelectric properties. Within this class of materials, the topological trivial nontrivial regimes have present very different behaviors, which encoded for orbital susceptibility magnetization. To try reveal them, it is found that was necessary introduce a k-dependent mas...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk have identified a large number of genetic loci associated with disease susceptibility. However, progress moving from association signals through causal genes to functional understanding has so far been slow, hindering clinical translation. This review discusses the benefits and limitations of emerging, unbia...