This retrospective study looked at the bone mass density of women using combined oral contraception (n = 59), depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) (n = 34) or controls (n = 62) who had not used steroid contraception for 6 months. The groups were matched for body mass index, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption and exercise. There was no matching for family history nor was...

BACKGROUND In rural areas of Kenya, where the majority of Kenya's population lives, contraceptive use remains low compared with that in urban areas (37% vs. 47%). Inadequate access to family planning services in rural areas is partly due to fewer health facilities and the shortage of health care workers. Community-based access to injectable contraceptives can improve access for rural population...

INTRODUCTION This is the protocol for an ancillary study to the multicentre Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Trial, a three-arm randomised trial comparing the effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant and the copper intrauterine device (IUD) on HIV incidence (NCT02550067 pre-results). The ancillary study will compare other no...

STUDY QUESTION Is use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) a risk factor for or a protective factor against prevalent uterine leiomyoma? SUMMARY ANSWER Ever use of DMPA was associated with a decreased risk (adjusted risk ratio (RR): 0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6, 0.9) of prevalent leiomyoma in young African American women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Although progesterone is assoc...

BACKGROUND Combined oral contraceptives (COC) and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) are among the most widely used family planning methods; their effect on HIV acquisition is not known. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of COC and DMPA on HIV acquisition and any modifying effects of other sexually transmitted infections. METHODS This multicenter prospective cohort study enroled 6109 H...

To determine the effectiveness of the methanolic Momordica charantia seed extract dosage and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) to develop a potential male contraceptive. Methods: The extract of M. charantia seeds is done every day for 8 weeks of 50 mg/100 kg body weight of rats. DMPA dose is 0.625 mg/100 g BW of rat intramuscularly and given once on the first day of treatment after the f...

Whether or not the use of hormonal contraception affects risk of HIV acquisition is an important question for public health. We did a systematic review, searching PubMed and Embase, aiming to explore the possibility of an association between various forms of hormonal contraception and risk of HIV acquisition. We identified 20 relevant prospective studies, eight of which met our minimum quality ...

BACKGROUND Preventing unintended pregnancy in HIV-positive women can significantly reduce maternal-to-child HIV transmission as well as improve the woman's overall health. Hormonal contraceptives are safe and effective means to avoid unintended pregnancy, but there is concern that coadministration of antiretroviral drugs may alter contraceptive efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a l...

Community-based services (CBS) have long used checklists to determine eligibility for contraceptive method use, in particular for combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and the 3-month injectable contraceptive depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). As safety information changes, however, checklists can quickly become outdated. Inconsistent checklists and eligibility criteria often cause uneven ...