background: diagnosis of kidney scar could prevent vesico urethral reflax and its complications such as hypertension and renal failure. this study was conducted to determine average kidney length and volume in infants by sonography to accurate diagnosis of scars. methods: this study was conducted on infants with the history of uti who referred to imam reza hospital, kermanshah iran, for dmsa sc...

scar endometriosis is a rare form of extra-pelvic endometriosis that can occur after surgery involving the uterus. direct mechanical implantation seems to be the most conceivable theory for scar endometriosis. patient usually presents with lump and pain at surgical site. often the diagnosis of endometriosis is not suggested until histology has been performed. we hereby present a case of scar en...

Case: A 54-year-old woman was visited with a history of asymptomatic gray-brown discoloration of the facial skin at our dermatology clinic. The lesions first appeared on her chin and then became progressively darker and extended to her nose and, to a lesser extent, to the periphery of her face over a period of five years. She mentioned that the lesions worsened with heat and sun exposure. Her p...

A 7 – year - old Caucasian girl presented with a 3-month history of nodules on her thighs and buttocks. During a one-month period, the lesions gradually increased in size and number. They became indurate and tender. Similar nodules appeared on forearms after 4 months. The lesions gradually healed with a depressed scar. On physical examination, we found many indurate areas 10-40 mm in diam...

BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are at risk for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA) related to scar tissue. Late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) can accurately identify myocardial scar extent. It has been shown that scar extent, particularly scar transmurality, percent scar and scar mass, are associated with the occurrence of approp...

pregnancy implantation within the scar of a previous cesarean delivery is one of the rarest locations for an ectopic pregnancy. early diagnosis of this condition with the use of ultrasound imaging allows for preserving the uterus and subsequent fertility. however, a delay in either diagnosis or treatment can lead to uterine rupture, hysterectomy and significant maternal morbidity. with increasi...