The effect of an abruptly expanding channel on the main characteristics of hydraulic jump is considered experimentally. The present study was made for supercritical flow of Froude number varying between 2 to 9 and approach to expanded channel width ratios 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.8. Physical explanations of the variation of these characteristics under varying flow conditions are discussed based on t...

The Costa Rica Dome is a picophytoplankton-dominated, open-ocean upwelling system in the Eastern Tropical Pacific that overlies the ocean's largest oxygen minimum zone. To investigate the efficiency of the biological pump in this unique area, we used shallow (90-150 m) drifting sediment traps and 234Th:238U deficiency measurements to determine export fluxes of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in...

This paper is the second part of the work on linear and nonlinear stability of buoyancy-driven coastal currents. Part 1, concerning a passive lower layer, was presented in the companion paper Gula & Zeitlin (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 659, 2010, p. 69). In this part, we use a fully baroclinic two-layer model, with active lower layer. We revisit the linear stability problem for coastal currents and st...

â  using of prediction models is one of the methods of financial performance prediction. financial ratios are employed as predictive variable in prediction models. the main purpose of this study is to compare the incremental information content of accrual and cash ratios for prediction and evaluation of the financial performance of business entities by data mining models. in align with research...

A downhole seismometer at 900-m depth and a temporary network of surface stations were deployed to use rays from local microearthquakes to study the upper and middle crust beneath the Long Valley caldera. The downhole seismograms show S waves with high apparent amplitudes from earthquakes located 2-20 km to the south of the downhole seismometer. In contrast, S waves from earthquakes located in ...

Abstract: An innovative design of a magnetic coupler for shaft speed amplification is proposed and verified by experiments. The structure of the proposed magnetic coupler is similar to an infinite-stage gearbox. In addition, the mathematical model of flux density is derived to look into the equation of adjustable gear ratio and effect of speed amplification. Moreover, two sets of experiments, n...

in this study we use the p receiver function technique to determine the moho depth and vp/vs ratio for 8 short period stations of qochan and mashhad seismic networks and map the variations of moho depth under kope dagh region. it is shown that a receiver function can provide a relatively good point measurement of moho depth under a short period station. the crustal thickness estimated from the ...

BACKGROUND Lipids in reef building corals can be divided into two classes; non-polar storage lipids, e.g. wax esters and triglycerides, and polar structural lipids, e.g. phospholipids and cholesterol. Differences among algal endosymbiont types are known to have important influences on processes including growth and the photobiology of scleractinian corals yet very little is known about the role...