The coastal mean sea surface (MSS) has applications within oceanography as well geodesy. Together with a geoid model, it forms an important component for geodetic mapping of ocean currents that are in geostrophic balance. Furthermore, bridge between open MSS and situ measurements level at or close to land, contributes the marine gravity field, is essential connecting tidal nautical chart datums...

With the gravity eld and steady-state ocean circulation explorer (GOCE) (preferably combined with the gravity eld and climate experiment (GRACE)) a new generation of geoid models will become available for use in height determination. These models will be globally consistent, accurate (<3 cm) and with a spatial resolution up to degree and order 200, when expressed in terms of a spherical harmoni...

The Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) and satellite altimetry can provide very detailed and accurate estimates of the mean dynamic topography (MDT) and geostrophic currents in China’s marginal seas, such as, the newest high-resolution GOCE gravity field model GOCONS-GCF-2-TIM-R4 and the new Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales mean sea surface model MSS_CNES_CLS_11 ...

Abstract Integrated geophysical mapping benefits from visualizing multi-source datasets including gravity and satellite altimetry data using 2D 3D techniques. Applying scripting cartographic approach by R language GMT supported traditional in QGIS is presented this paper with a case study of Iranian geomorphology special focus on Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt, unique landform the country affected...

Monitoring the variation of rivers and lakes is of great importance. Satellite radar altimetry is a promising technology to do this on a regional to global scale. Satellite radar altimetry data has been used successfully to observe water levels in lakes and (large) rivers, and has also been combined with hydrologic/hydrodynamic models. Except CryoSat-2, all radar altimetry missions have been op...

[1] A method for combining satellite altimetry observations with satellite measurements of the Earth’s time-varying gravity to give improved estimates of the ocean’s heat storage is presented. Over the ocean the time-variable component of the geoid can be related to the time-varying bottom pressure. The methodology of estimating the ocean’s time-varying heat storage using altimetric observation...

Thepresentpaper reviews thecontemporary stateofdefinitionand theoryof thegeoid. Key features are: quasigeoid, externalgravitational field from satellites and its analytical downward continuation to the Earth's interior, data combination by least-squares collocation, and a new view of gravity reduction. This is done under the modern systematic perspective provided by the possibility of a purely ...

In the coastal zone (<25 km to the coast) altimetric gravity field determination degrades due to a combination of several factors, where the main reason is the degradation of the quality of the altimeter data. By starting out from the original waveform data and retracking the entire ERS1 GM mission using a highly advanced expert based system of multiple retrackers, the return time from both ope...