In many practical discrete event systems (DESs), some unexpected and uncontrollable events can subsequently occur before a proper control action is actually applied to a plant due to communication delays. For such DESs, this paper investigates necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a nonblocking decentralized supervisor that can correctly achieve a given language specification...

Shattering the long-held dogma that organolithium chemistry needs to be performed under inert atmospheres in toxic organic solvents, chemoselective addition of organolithium reagents to non-activated imines and quinolines has been accomplished in green, biorenewable deep eutectic solvents (DESs) at room temperature and in the presence of air, establishing a novel and sustainable access to amine...

This paper presents a stability concept of a class of discrete event systems (DESs) using Markov chains. The DESs under consideration are modeled as state machines adopted from Ramadge-Wonham which represent the hybrid dynamic models of constrained motion systems. By identifying the probability of ring enabled events of the DES, p-convergence is proposed. Some properties of p-convergence are in...

• Synthesis of new DESs and DES–like systems based on polyols as HBDs halide salts HBAs. Innovative DES design approach inspired by the necessity rigorous classification true DESs. Unveiling reduction process diazonium in a formed glycerol potassium fluoride. Mechanistic study DFT calculations electrochemical measurements. Combined theoretical experimental promotes an unprecedented successful i...

The refractive index (RI) is an important physiochemical property of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for application in the optical identification specific substances or measuring concentration solutes solutions. However, available data on RI DESs limited. Here, a systematic investigation 48 typical and 30 mixtures with water was conducted under atmospheric pressure. effect temperature range 293....

In this work, various 3-cyano-4-aryl-4H-pyran derivatives were prepared efficiently through a one-pot,multicomponent synthesis between aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and acetophenone derivativesor ethyl acetoacetate using Fe3O4/EDTA magnetic nanocatalyst and ethanol as solvent. The reactionswere completed at room temperature in 10 min using 5 mg of catalyst and 2 mL of solvent to prepare1 mmo...

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as an alternative for conventional ionic liquids in aluminum batteries. Elucidating DESs composition is fundamental to understand electrodeposition the battery anode. Despite numerous experimental efforts, speciation of these remains elusive. This work shows how ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations can shed light on DESs. For particular exam...

Even though drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is an effective treatment for coronary artery stenosis, there are growing concerns related to the real usefulness of DESs due to their increased incidence of thrombosis, stent fracture, and late stent malapposition in comparison to bare metal stents. We have previously reported a case of stent fractures and multiple microaneurysms in both the le...