The large strain mechanical properties of adult porcine gray and white matter brain tissues were measured in shear and confirmed in compression. Consistent with local neuroarchitecture, gray matter showed the least amount of anisotropy, and corpus callosum exhibited the greatest degree of anisotropy. Mean regional properties were significantly distinct, demonstrating that brain tissue is inhomo...

Content Introduction Bone deformation induced by muscle contractions are thought to play an important role for adaption of bones. Past simulation studies to determine bone forces during locomotion focused on an inverse dynamics approach, mostly without consideration of these deformations. However, latest studies have shown that both muscle forces and corresponding deformation of the bone are re...

economic and environmental logging is important for sustainable wood production in the caspian forests, north of iran. predetermination of the skid trail network and directional felling is a usual recommended method to reduce logging impact. the aim of this study was evaluation of directional felling and finding factors effective on felling error. totally 135 trees were selected randomly for di...

1 Introduction A technique is presented for obtaining an omni-directional range map using a panoramic,ffiov-ing visual sensor. The sensor consists of a single , standard video camera viewing a specially shaped reflective surface [ehahl and Srinivasan, 1997b]. The surface has the property that a given change in the angular elevation of view in the external environment maps to a constant radial d...

post-mineralization activities may cause difficulties in the process of ore modeling in porphyry deposits. sungun, nw iran, is one of the porphyry copper deposits, in which dyke intrusions have made ore modeling more complicated than expected. among different kinds of dykes, two types were chosen and the consequent geostatistical analyses were applied on. in this study, simple directional vario...

the efficiency measurement is a subject of great interest. the majority of studies on dea models have been carried out using radial or non-radial approaches regarding the application of dea for the efficiency measurement. this paper, based on the directional distance function, proposes a new generalized hybrid measure of efficiency under generalized returns to scale with the existence of both r...

The effects of using both directions and directional subdividing on adaptive gridembedding on the computational time and the number of grid points required for the same accuracy are considered. Directional subdividing is used from the beginning of the adaptation procedure without any restriction. To avoid the complication of unstructured grid, the semi-structured grid was used. It is used to so...

The use of continuous fibers reinforced polymeric composites has increased substantially in the last year’s due to their high specific mechanical strength compared other materials. Despite this property, class material is susceptible low, medium, or energy impacts, which can cause severe damage composite laminates. One most serious damages delamination, lead partial total rupture structure. In ...

The present study aimed to investigate the increasing solidification rate during directional developed from in situ composites of M7C3/austenite eutectic, with a small portion dendrites, and partial equiaxed structures. M7C3 fibre aligned along solidified direction composites; however, its orientation shape became irregular among dendrites. In composite structure has higher tensile strength tha...

Abstract Scales are a path breaking evolutionary adaptation that accompanied vertebrate evolution for the past 500 million years. Inherently lightweight with diverse shapes, sizes, materials, and distribution, they provide remarkable architecture-material enhancement, typical of metamaterials. Here we perspective on mechanical behavior fish scale inspired structures explain origins some their s...