Abstract The present study is focussed on solving the relay coordination problem. Protection of microgrids performed through placement directional overcurrent relays (DOCR). efficacy microgrid protection depends all DOCRs placed in system. For this purpose, a number optimization techniques have been employed by power system researcher. In paper, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) proposed for different ...

Unlike traditional AC distribution systems, protection has been challenging for DC systems. Multi-terminal DC power systems do not have the years of practical experience and standards that AC power systems have. Also, the current power electronic devices cannot survive or sustain high magnitude faults. Converters will shut down to protect themselves under faulted conditions. This makes locating...

We study the phenomena of topological amplification in arrays parametric oscillators. find two phases amplification, both with directional transport and exponential gain number sites, one them featuring squeezing. also a topologically trivial phase zero-energy modes which produces but lacks robust protection others. characterize resilience to disorder different their stability, gain, noise-to-s...

directional simulation, among techniques for reliability analysis of engineering structures, is well known. in this context, directional simulation in load space, because of the considerable advantages of lower dimension of working space, is of considerable interest. as is expected due to structural resistance variability, the location of the relevant limit state(s) is no longer constant and mu...

This paper reviews ground fault protection and detection methods for distribution systems. First, we review and compare medium-voltage distribution-system grounding methods. Next, we describe directional elements suitable to provide ground fault protection in solidlyand lowimpedance grounded distribution systems. We then analyze the behavior of ungrounded systems under ground fault conditions a...

Current ONR and joint ONR / DARPA programs in video surveillance technology will be presented. These include: omni-directional video in a panoramic periscope for submarine situation awareness and mast-mounted omni-cameras for force protection of surface combatants in harbors and for shoreline protection. Ongoing research projects on automated detection and tracking of humans and small craft for...

high temperatures are often encountered in almost all of the combustion systems, therefore, thermal radiation heat transfer can influence the droplets heat up rate and consequently their life time. in this paper, the effect of thermal radiation heat transfer is investigated for two cases of directional and spherically symmetric illuminations. the flow and temperature fields insdie and outside o...

The complexity of the design protection system using directional over current relays, for modern power distribution systems has been increased due to looped/meshed operation and penetration distributed generations. Finding a reliable efficient scheme that can be easily implemented in these is major challenge. An solution could use artificial intelligent-based multi-agent systems. This paper pro...

Concerning the poor immunity of DC line protection to fault resistance in case internal and its mal-operation proneness external fault, a new pilot directional scheme for HVDC AC/DC hybrid system based on polarity inductive energy is proposed. First, by analysing conducting state converter at different time sections, impedance characteristic equations commutation failure scenes are derived. On ...