CRACKS in ductile single crystals are analyzed here for geometries and orientations such that twodimensional states of anti-plane shear constitute possible deformation fields. The crystals are modelled as ideally plastic and yield according to critical resolved shear stresses on their slip systems. Restrictions on the asymptotic forms of stress and deformation fields at crack tips are establish...

Methodology for the simultaneous solution of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and associated parametric sensitivity equations using the Decoupled Direct Method (DDM) is presented with respect to its applicability to multiresponse parameter estimation for systems described by nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The DDM is extended to provide second order sensitivity coefficients and...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the osteogenic effects of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in rabbit calvarial defects with DDM and anorganic bovine bone (ABB) combined with rhBMP-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four round defects with 8-mm diameters were created in each rabbit calvaria. Each defect was treated w...

OBJECTIVE Two-alternative forced-choice tasks are widely used to gain insight into specific areas of enhancement or impairment in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data arising from these tasks have been used to support myriad theories regarding the integrity, or otherwise, of particular brain areas or cognitive processes in ASD. The drift diffusion model (DDM) provides an accoun...

We consider rupture initiation and instability on a displacement-weakening interface. It is assumed to follow a power-law relation between a component of displacement discontinuity (whether tensile opening in mode I or shear slippage in modes II or III) and the reduction from peak strength of a corresponding component of stress (normal or shear stress) on the interface. That is, the stress decr...

We first confirmed the osteoinductive property of human demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) histologically. Human DDM was prepared from vital, extracted teeth and implanted into the subcutaneous tissue in nude mice. The shape of the DDM was a particle type and its size varied from 0.4 to 0.8 mm. The hard tissue induction by 70 mg of the DDM was estimated at 4 weeks after implantation. The DDM ind...

    The combination of horizontal drilling along with hydraulic fracturing has significantly improved the production of hydrocarbon reservoirs and made it possible to extract the relatively impermeable and uneconomical reservoirs. The production rate of oil and gas wells increases proportional to hydraulic fracture aperture or crack opening displacement (COD). This is an important parameter i...

Stimulus displacements coinciding with a saccadic eye movement are poorly detected by human observers. In recent years, converging evidence has shown that this phenomenon does not result from poor transsaccadic retention of presaccadic stimulus position information, but from the visual system's efforts to spatially align presaccadic and postsaccadic perception on the basis of visual landmarks. ...

Methylene dianiline (DDM) is a chemical intermediate in the production of isocyanates and other industrial chemicals, and it is hepatotoxic in humans. The acute hepatotoxicity of orally administered DDM was characterized in rats. Rats receiving DDM (25-225 mg/kg, per os) demonstrated a dose-dependent elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase activity, g-glutamyltransferase activity, and serum...