This paper focuses on the incremental impacts of coal ash and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastes associated with increased coal usage by utilities and industry under the National Energy Plan (NEP). In the paper, 1985 and 2000 are the assessment points using the baseline data taken from the Annual Environmental Analysis Report (AEAR, September 1977). In each EPA region, the potential mix of d...

Dry areas near the sea can obtain fresh water through solar distillation of saline sea water resources. However, these solar distillation sites produce wastewater as a result of desalination of sea water with high salt concentration. Waste must be disposed of with the least effect on the receiving environment (sea, in most cases). Initial dilution and its characteristics play important roles in...

This study examines how the timing of waste disposal fee collection affects producer’s choice built-in product durability and social welfare in a durable-goods monopoly model. We categorize policies into two: advance (ADF) policy (DF) policy. show that DF has two opposing effects on durability. Firstly, gives producer an incentive to increase order delay households’ discount future payments (th...

Illegal disposal of waste is a significant management issue for contemporary governments with waste posing an economic, social, and environmental risk. An improved understanding of the distribution of illegal waste disposal sites is critical to enhance the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of waste management efforts. Remotely sensed data has the potential to address this knowledge gap. However...

The development of efficient methods o re and garbage disposal have not kept pace ^e perfection of sewage disposal processes commonly adopted throughout the world. most common methods of refuse and Sar disposal are dumping on land or at sea, ee to hogs, incineration, and reduction. Methods include the pulverizing of J machinery prior to sale as fertilizer ( P > *931) and the Beccari system of f...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the deposition impact of dredged material from Patos lagoon estuary on a benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in an adjacent coastal marine area. Nine sampling stations were chosen at random in the disposal area, and nine others in the same way in an adjacent control area. Samples were collected at a 19 m depth before sediment disposal (11 July 20...

BACKGROUND The moral status of the human embryo is particularly controversial in the United States, where one debate has centered on embryos created in excess at in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. Little has been known about the disposal of these embryos. METHODS We mailed anonymous, self-administered questionnaires to directors of 341 American IVF clinics. RESULTS 217 of 341 clinics (64...

What makes recycling work? We study the factors driving household waste disposal and recycling in 18 cities in Taiwan and Japan in order to understand the impact of alternative waste management incentives. We show that this depends on the effect of distinct policies on the relative costs of the main alternative disposal methods: recycling, disposal to landfill and illegal dumping. The willingne...

Communities across the U.S. are radically changing their approach to garbage collection and disposal. Prompted by rising disposal costs and the emergence of state legislated recycling and reduction goals, over 3,000 local governments have adopted pay-as-youthrow systems-also known as variable rate, volume-based or unit pricing systems. Traditionally, the costs of garbage collection and disposal...

AIM To examine current practices with regard to the safe collection, storage and disposal of sharps waste in acupuncture premises and to determine compliance with the NSW Public Health (Skin Penetration) Regulation 2000 and the NSW Health Skin Penetration Code of Best Practice. METHODS A random sample of acupuncturists in the City of Sydney local government area was selected and surveyed usin...