Understanding the causes of interstate conflict continues to be a primary goal of the field of international relations. To that end, scholars continue to rely on large datasets of conflict in the international system. This paper introduces the latest iteration in the most widely used dataset on interstate conflicts, the Militarized Interstate Dispute (MID) 4 data. In this paper we first outline...

The United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union challenges existing framework for cross border consumer dispute resolution and exacerbates negative effect of EU’s harmonisation approach in this area. Both EU UK consumers face an uncertain future after transition period. This paper will analyse evaluate key to period ended on 31 December 2020. consider procedural impediments enforcing rights a...

In recent years, consumer spending has dominated the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The continuously increasing boosts possibility of disputes. Turkey, there is still a need for enhanced redress, although continuing attempt to bring Turkish law into line with European Union (EU) legislation meet needs our digitised society. This paper explores powers and deficiencies Consumer Redress System exam...

Generally, encountering conflicts/disputes in Supply Chain (value chain/network) Management (SCM) are unavoidable/inevitable owing to the contractual complexities and empirical eventualities (including incidental contingencies) their efficient resolution through Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism (viz, Arbitration, Mediation, Conciliation, Negotiation) India is ubiquitous across all...