8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative stress, has been recently rediscovered to inhibit Rac1 in neutrophils and macrophages, thereby inhibiting Rac1-linked functions of these cells, including reactive oxygen species production through NADPH oxidase activation, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and cytokine release. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), reactive oxygen species al...

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated and involved in cleavage of caspase-3 during apoptosis induced by a number of stimuli. However, the signaling events triggered by p38 that result in caspase-3 activation are still unknown. In human leukemia cells, two reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), selectively stimulated the phosphorylation of p38. Prei...

Repeated pulmonary collapse and changes suggestive of a severe alveolar-capillary diffusion defect were observed over a period of 20 days in a patient who was receiving artificial ventilation because of status epilepticus. Profound cyanosis followed attempts to discontinue assisted ventilation. The Bird Mark 8 respirator employed was found to be delivering approximately 90% oxygen on the air-mi...

Oxygen is in many ways a unique element: It is the only known diatomic molecular magnet, and it exhibits an unusual O(8) cluster in its high-pressure solid phase. Pressure-induced molecular dissociation as one of the fundamental problems in physical sciences has been reported from theoretical or experimental studies of diatomic solids H(2), N(2), F(2), Cl(2), Br(2), and I(2) but remains elusive...

the quality of the river water is assessed in different months in different stations to evaluate the change in the quality in re1ation with the various point sources along the river. thirteen parameters were measured in the samples manually taken from three meters off shore in 20 cm. depth in four points representing the quality in four reaches under consideration. the results revealed that nat...

The oxygen transport capacity of phospholipid vesicles encapsulating purified Hb (HbV) produced with a Po(2) at which Hb is 50% saturated (P 50 ) of 8 (HbV(8)) and 29 mmHg (HbV(29)) was investigated in the hamster chamber window model by using microvascular measurements to determine oxygen delivery during extreme hemodilution. Two isovolemic hemodilution steps were performed with 5% recombinant...

We studied the surface structure of La_{5/8}Ca_{3/8}MnO_{3}(001) thin films using in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Atomically resolved STM images reveal that a (sqrt[2]xsqrt[2])R45;{ degrees } reconstructed surface and a (1x1) surface can be converted back and forth through adsorption and desorption of oxygen at the surface. The electrical properties of the surfaces are investigated...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8 week period of aerobic interval training and massage therapy on changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) level and cardiorespiratory fitness in cardiovascular patients after coronary artery bypass graft. The study population consisted of patients who had undergone a coronary artery bypass graft and at least one month had passed since t...

Our understanding of how cells communicate has undergone a paradigm shift since the recent recognition of the role of exosomes in intercellular signaling. In this study, we investigated whether oxygen tension alters the exosome release and miRNA profile from extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells, modifying their bioactivity on endothelial cells (EC). Furthermore, we have established the exosomal...

Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that endothelin (ET) and/or reactive oxygen species contribute to the pressor response induced by acute air jet stress in normotensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats maintained on a normal salt diet (prehypertensive). Mean arterial pressure was chronically monitored by telemetry before and after 3-day treatment with the free radical scavenger 4-hydroxy...