As computational systems scale to arbitrarily large sizes, and as they are expected to function reliably for arbitrary lengths of time, there are certain realities of the physical world that can not be ignored in the design and modeling of computational systems. For example, considerations for the delivery of power and removal of heat seem to limit the system to a two-dimensional surface. Addit...

Predictions of earthquakes that are based on observations of precursory seismicity cannot depend on the average properties of the seismicity, such as the Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) distribution. Instead it must depend on the fluctuations in seismicity. We summarize the observational data of the fluctuations of seismicity in space, in time, and in a coupled space-time regime over the past 60 yr in ...

As autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) enter operational service an assessment of their reliability is timely. Using the Autosub AUV as an example, several design issues affecting reliability are discussed, followed by an analysis of recorded faults. Perhaps contrary to expectations, failures rarely involved the autonomous nature of the vehicle. Rather, faults were typical of those that occur...

Original scientific paper In this paper, the necessity of the protective relay of the micro-grid is described as the anti-islanding protection and Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT), and the fault characteristics of the renewable energy sources are analysed. The applicability of over-current protection, distance protection, differential protection, pilot protection, voltage protection and frequenc...

Missing values are prevalent in real-world datasets and they may reduce predictive performance of a learning algorithm. Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA), one of the most deployable methods for detecting and predicting incipient faults in power transformers is one of the casualties. Thus, this paper proposes filling-in the missing values found in a DGA dataset using the k-nearest neighbor imputation...

Through high-resolution electron microscopy, stacking faults (SFs) due to Frank partial dislocations were found in an aluminum alloy following deformation with low strain and strain rate, while also remaining stable during artificial aging. Extrinsic stacking faults were found surrounded by dislocation areas and precipitates. An intrinsic stacking fault was found between two Guinier-Preston II ...

The location of ground faults in railway electric lines in 2 × 5 kV railway power supply systems is a difficult task. In both 1 × 25 kV and transmission power systems it is common practice to use distance protection relays to clear ground faults and localize their positions. However, in the particular case of this 2 × 25 kV system, due to the widespread use of autotransformers, the relation bet...

Asynchronous micropipelined designs are self-checking against permanent stuck-at faults making the circuits highly resistant against invasive fault attacks. A single transient fault, however, can result in a data token insertion or deletion which can cause a continuous stream of erroneous outputs that can be exploited by a malicious attacker. We propose a system level error detection method tar...

Traditional tests for memories are based on conventional fault models, involving the address decoder, individual memory cells and a limited coupling between them. Built-in self-test (BIST) solutions for testing memories today incorporate hardware for test pattern generation and application for a variety of the algorithms. The NPSF fault model is recognized as a high quality fault model for memo...