The presence of IL-1 in human cancers is associated with aggressive tumor biology but its prognostic value is unknown. We studied whether IL-1α expression is a prognostic marker of distant metastasis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). IL-1α mRNA and protein levels were determined in tumor samples and cancer cell lines using RT-PCR and ELISA. The effects of constitut...

During our research on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) derived from tumor-adjacent vessels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we found that CTCs are sometimes surrounded by white blood cells (WBCs) in blood. We hypothesize that such interaction between WBCs and CTCs in blood is a mechanism by which WBCs assist in the metastasis of CTCs. We present our laboratory finding, with our evalua...

BACKGROUND The most common sites of metastasis in prostate cancer include bone and regional lymph nodes followed by lung, liver, and brain. Peritoneal metastasis without skeletal involvement is extremely rare. CASE REPORT We present herein a patient with hormone refractory prostate cancer with peritoneal metastasis accompanied by ascites but without bone metastasis. The patient initially expe...

The CXCR4 and Nrf2 signaling pathways are abnormally activated in response to cellular stress in various types of human cancers. In this study, we examined the expression of CXCR4 and Nrf2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue specimens and investigated their correlation with patient clinicopathologic characteristics. We determined CXCR4 and Nrf2 expression in 76 CRC tissue specimens and paired nor...

Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy with a predilection for regional and distant metastasis. This malignancy presents most commonly on the head and neck of elderly Caucasian males, with a higher prevalence in the immunosuppressed. A high index of suspicion must be maintained due to the often asymptomatic presentation. Lip tumors, scalp tumors, local invasi...

A patient with a successfully treated primary osteosarcoma of the tibia experienced an isolated maxillary metastasis, which is an extremely rare entity. Once the tumor was confirmed histopathologically, a total maxillectomy and adjuvant chemoradiation therapy were carried out. There has been no local recurrence or distant metastasis for 1 year. A multimodality therapeutic approach is essential ...

Background: To establish a distant metastasis (DM) cells must disseminate from the primary tumor and overcome a series of obstacles, the metastatic cascade. In this study we develop a mathematical model for this cascade to estimate the tumor size and the circulating tumor cell (CTC) load before the first metastasis has formed from a primary breast cancer tumor. Methods: The metastatic cascade i...

In research institute for nuclear medicine (Tehran University of Medical Sciences) 50 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma were evaluted retrospectively. The purpose of the study was assesment of the response of iodine-131 therapy. The best result were achieved when the patient treated with iodine-131 for the first time, in the 4th decade of life, with total thyroidectomy and no met...

conclusions 18 f fdg pet/ct is a valuable imaging tool in initial and subsequent treatment strategy in patients with breast cancer by providing additional nodal and distant metastasis and may have the promising future potential to be as the imaging modality of choice for accurate assessment of disease extension in breast cancer in routine clinical practice. methods of a total 256 patients with ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify the predictive factors for the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (PC) with or without distant metastasis. METHODS A retrospective review of PC patients was conducted of the medical records. We enrolled 246 patients who received primary ADT. PC patients treated with ADT for presumed ...