In a previous study in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) hemodialysis patients, a single dose of Staphylococcus aureus type 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides (T5/T8) conjugated to nontoxic recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A investigational vaccine showed no efficacy against S. aureus bacteremia 1 year post-vaccination, but a trend for efficacy was observed over the first 40 weeks post-va...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Turkey is controlled using biannual mass vaccination of cattle. However, vaccine protection is undermined by population turnover and declining immunity. A dynamic model of the Turkish cattle population was created. Assuming biannual mass vaccination with a single-dose primary course, vaccine history was calculated for the simulated population (number of doses and...

Protection against influenza after killed influenza spray vaccine was assessed in nine double blind, placebocontrolled clinical trials and two field studies, involving a total number of 10,000 subjects. Monovalent vaccine, containing 300-360 IU A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) or bivalent vaccine, containing 300-360 IU A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and 200-240 IU B/Mass/3/66 per dose was used. Administration by t...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Conventional hepatitis B vaccine protocols do not provide rapid seroprotection against hepatitis B. This randomized controlled trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) augmented double-dose vaccine protocol in voluntary kidney donors prior to donor nephrectomy. METHODS A total of 54 kidney donors, wh...

We successfully re-vaccinated hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine non-responders using a double dose of the combined hepatitis A virus (HAV) and HBV vaccine. The hope was to improve priming of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-specific cell mediated immune response (CMI) by an increased antigen dose and a theoretical adjuvant-effect from the local presence of a HAV-specific CMI. A few non-respond...

A live oral Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor vaccine, Peru-15 was tested in a double-blind, randomized placebo controlled study for safety and immunogenicity in Phase I and Phase II studies in 240 Bangladeshi children aged 9 months-5 years of age. Two different doses (2x10(7) and 2x10(8)cfu) were tested. Vaccination did not elicit adverse events and the strain was genetically stable. Vibriocidal antib...

background: studies on efficacy of various vaccines that prevent or reduce the primary and recurrent hsv-1 infection have demonstrated the importance of cellular immunity for protection against the infection. we previously used dna vaccination to induce cellular immunity against hsv-1 infection in mice. objective: the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of light, a member of tnf super f...

A local general practice was contracted to provide the school-based immunisation program over two years in Mount Isa, Queensland. The schedule was for female Year 10, 11 and 12 students to receive three doses of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination (Gardasil). This was provided as part of the broader immunisation program that involved providing Year 8 students with two doses of hepatitis B v...

This study compared interview and telephone surveys to select the better method for regularly estimating nationwide vaccination coverage rates in Korea. Interview surveys using multi-stage cluster sampling and telephone surveys using stratified random sampling were conducted. Nationwide coverage rates were estimated in subjects with vaccination cards in the interview survey. The interview surve...