The formation of the large protein structure known as "gluten" during dough-mixing and bread-making processes is extremely complex. It has been established that a specific subset of the proteins comprising gluten, the glutenin subunits, directly affects dough formation and breadmaking quality. Glutenin subunits have no definitive structural differences that can be directly correlated to their a...

Chemical analysis Textural properties of dough prepared from the flours of eight sorghum cultivars were evaluated subjectively and also measured using a back-extrusion cell in an Ins&on Food Testing Instrument. The force and energy required for the extrusion of good quality cohesive dough were high. A poor quality dough was compressed into the cell without extrusion. The influence of flour-wate...

The effects of adding wheat and oat bran, at different levels and milled to varying particle size ranges, to dough formulations were investigated, with respect to aeration and dough development during mixing, expansion during proving and fi nal baked loaf characteristics. Addition of bran reduced the density of the dough at the end of mixing, largely because of the increased water absorption, w...

Effects of salep gum at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w flour basis) and the Persian gum at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 3% (w/w flour basis) and combination of the two gums at concentrations of 0.5% + 0.5%, 0.75% + 0.25%, and 0.25% + 0.75% on rheological properties of the wheat flour dough and quality of Taftoon bread were studied with regard to retardation of staling. Rheologic...

The effect of intracellular charged amino acids on freeze tolerance in dough was determined by constructing homozygous diploid arginase-deficient mutants of commercial baker's yeast. An arginase mutant accumulated higher levels of arginine and/or glutamate and showed increased leavening ability during the frozen-dough baking process, suggesting that disruption of the CAR1 gene enhances freeze t...

We investigated the extensional properties of wheat flour dough on the Filament Stretching Rheometer (FISER), in which the sample approaches uniform uni-axial extension flow at a constant strain rate over a large portion of the experiment, thereby allowing us to directly probe the transient material function characterizing the behavior of dough in extension. The large dynamic range of this Rheo...

Nonstarch polysaccharides (NSPs) are believed to have an influence on the baking performance of wheat flours due to their high water-binding capacity. Much attention has been given to the isolation and characterization of water-soluble NSPs. The chemical structure as well as the physicochemical and baking properties of the water-insoluble NSPs have been less well characterized. In order to stud...

Wheat flour dough is a rheologically complex viscoelastic material, whose unique time-dependent properties depend on the quality of the flour, the available moisture, and the extent to which the dough is mixed. The rheological properties developed in dough during mixing are governed by the rate, amount, and type of deformation applied. As a result, dough mixers have evolved into highly complex ...

ABSTRACT Karnal bunt of wheat is caused by the fungus Tilletia indica, which partially converts kernels into sori filled with teliospores. Despite minor overall yield and quality losses, the disease is of considerable international quarantine concern. Plant development stages reported susceptible to infection vary considerably. A study was designed to better define the susceptibility period by ...

Nowadays, consumption of whole flours and flours with high extraction rate is recommended, because of their high amount of fibers, vitamins and minerals. Despite nutritional benefits of whole flour, concentration of some undesirable components such as phytic acid is higher than white flour. In this study, effect of several lactic acid bacteria sourdough on Toast bread is investigated. Sourdough...