Professionals working with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may find that these children are overly sensitive to sounds. These professionals are often concerned as to why children may have auditory hypersensitivities. This review article discusses the neural mechanisms identified underlying hypersensitive hearing in people. The authors focus on brain research to support th...

Calprotectin, also known as S100A8/A9, has been linked to gut inflammation caused by IgE-mediated food hypersensitivities, but the pathophysiologic abnormalities it causes remain to be determined. We created a mild food hypersensitivity model through oral gavage of ovalbumin in Norway brown rats without using immune adjuvant. Changes in the levels of calprotectin and inflammation-associated cyt...

The purified wax fraction of the tubercle bacillus, which has been previously demonstrated as an essential element in causing delayed tuberculin hypersensitivity in response to the protein of the tubercle bacillus, is now found to have the same activity with regard to a simple chemical antigen, picryl chloride. One injection of this compound with wax intraperitoneally into guinea pigs results i...

Background: A small amount of research with individuals who have Williams Syndrome (WS) suggests that children with the condition may be vulnerable to sensory processing abnormalities and present with repetitive and restricted behaviours. Methods: Parents of twenty-one children with WS aged 6-15 years completed a semistructured interview designed to elicit the form, frequency, impact and develo...

Pruritus often leads to self-inflicted trauma, alopecia, and moderate to severe secondary skin lesions resulting in horses which are visually disfigured and/or unsound for work. Because of the many possible diagnosis of a pruritic skin disease the history, especially the environment, seasonality, age of onset and progress of the disease, is very important in making a diagnosis. Time spent obtai...

"Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of undetermined aetiology and pathogenesis. Mediastinal and peripheral lymph nodes, lungs, liver, spleen, skin, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands are most often involved, but other organs or tissues may be affected. The Kveim reaction is frequently positive, and tuberculin-type hypersensitivities are frequently depressed. Other important...

The mucosal surfaces are constantly exposed to incoming pathogens which can cause infections that result in severe morbidity and/or mortality. Studies have reported that mucosal immunity is important for providing protection against these pathogens and that mucosal vaccination is effective in preventing local infections. For many years, the sublingual mucosa has been targeted to deliver immunot...

The host immunological pathways are re-organized to get a clear picture. There are four acute immune responses: TH1/TH2/TH22/THαβ which are corresponding to four chronic immune responses: TH1Like/TH9/TH17/TH3. Then, the four branches of immune reactions can link to four types of hypersensitivities or allergies. THfh is the stimulatory pathway to initiate adaptive acute immunity. Another inhibit...

The current Swedish regulations for medical alerts in health records were designed for paper records. Suggestions for computerized systems are now being investigated. A proposed model using three alert categories, graphically represented using three directions, probably combined with three severity levels is presented here. Up represents hypersensitivities, left/back represents alerting diagnos...

Mutants of Escherichia coli K12, defective in phosphatidylserine synthetase (pss), can be isolated as temperature-sensitive, conditional lethals. When cultivated at intermediate temperatures (30 degrees), such mutants contain approximately 3 times more phosphatidylglycerol plus cardiolipin (and less phosphatidylethanolamine) than normal. We now wish to report that, under these conditions, the p...