using mutation specific pcr assay and analysis of position 108 amino acid in dihydrofolate reductase-thymidilate synthase gene in 70 plasmodium falciparum isolates of malarial patients from southern areas of iran, showed 4 different situations: iwild type (108-ser) ii-mutant type (108-thr) iii-mutant type (108-asn) and iv-mixed wild and mutant type (108-ser+thr) with frequency of 58(82.8%), 2(2...

background: nosocomial infections are an important cause of hospital mortalities. staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) carriers among medical staff are an important source of nosocomial infections. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the nasal carriers of s. aureus and antibiotic resistance in staff of nikuee hospital, qom, iran. materials and methods: in this cross-sect...

drug resistance (especially multiple drug resistance) in mycobacterium tuberculosis makes global concerns in treatment and control of tuberculosis. rapid diagnosis of drug resistant strains of the bacteria has vital importance in the prognosis of the disease. the aim of this study was to identify the mutations responsible for drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains derived from pa...

Background: The association between baseline drug resistance mutations and subsequent increase in viral failure has not been established for HIV-infected children. We evaluated drug resistance mutations at 39 codon sites (21 protease inhibitor (PI) resistant codons and 18 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistant codons) for 92 clinically stable NRTI-experienced, PI-naive HIV-...

conclusions all the staphylococcus aureus strains and enterococcus faecium strains were sensitive to members of the oxazolidinone class of linezolid drug. development of multi drug resistance by gram positive bacteria constitutes a very serious challenge for medical practice. despite these rising rates, it is impossible to distinguish where they have originated from and special attention has th...

antimicrobial peptides (amps) are extensive group of molecules that produced by variety tissues of invertebrate, plants, and animal species which play an important role in their immunity response. amps have different classifications such as; biosynthetic machines, biological sources, biological functions, molecular properties, covalent bonding patterns, three dimensional structures, and molecul...

introduction: many people are used medicinal plants due to natural, low risks and complications, and low costs as compared with the synthetic drugs. incidence of drug resistance against chemical antimicrobial drugs has led the use of medicinal plants for treatment of infections in recent years. the aim of this study was to examine possible antibacterial effects of four herbal plants in vitro.  ...

b ackground : acinetobacter baumannii , is an important opportunistic pathogens   responsible   for   nosocomial   infections.   the   aim   of   this experiment  was  to  determine  prevalence  of  class  i  integron  in   a. baumannii strains isolated from burn patients in mottahari hospital and the drug susceptibility pattern. methods : there were 69 acinetobacter isolates, 68 (98.5%) were i...