With the RFW metric ds = dt − R(t)d~x, the scale factor grows exponentially R(t) = R(0)e. We now switch to the conformally flat metric ds = R(η)(dη − d~x). Therefore, dt = R(η)dη, or equivalently, dη = ±R(t)−1dt = ±R(0)−1e−Htdt. Note that η is nothing but the size of the particle horizon, namely the comoving distance for which the light could propagate since the initial time. This differential ...

For a spanning tree T of a graph G, we define the total excess te(T, k) of T from k as te(T, k) := ∑ v∈V (T )max{dT (v)− k, 0}, where dT (v) is the degree of a vertex v in T . In this paper, we show the following; if G is a 3-connected graph on a surface with Euler characteristic χ < 0, then G has a spanning ⌈8−2χ 3 ⌉ -tree T with te(T, 3) ≤ −2χ − 1. We also show an application of this theorem ...

harvest index is one of the important parameters in estimation of modules of seed yield prediction. since, this parameter undergoes changes under various conditions. therefore, this research was aimed to prepare relations to estimate it. for this purpuse, a compound analysis experiment with randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted at the gorgan university of agricul...

This study reports the evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), a biological larvicide, in cement jars holding river, well and rain water. Two Bti formulations, VectoBac WG and VectoBac DT, were evaluated in a village in Phnom Penh. Thirty-one households with cement jars supporting the colonization of Ae.aegypti immatures were chosen. In each house 3 jars were aligned next to eac...

The rules of the game are changing in organizations due to several digital advances, ecosystems, industries, and fields. Also, emergence new institutional infrastructures complex systems during this period can result transformation (DT). Thus, theory should be examined determine how digitally-enabled institutions emerge, diffuse, institutionalize within their contexts. purpose study is use a qu...

Design Thinking (DT) sigue siendo un concepto difuso, así como sus resultados. Esto motivó la presente revisión de alcance literatura (2008-2022), en cual se aplicó el marco Arksey y O'Malley. Usando plataforma Web of Science, obtuvieron 2853 artículos, los cuales solo 172 cumplieron con criterios inclusión exclusión. Los resultados muestran que: (a) No existe acuerdo definición DT. (b) Hay una...

The Decision Theater (DT) at Arizona State University is a multimillion-dollar semiimmersive virtual environment facility purported to help policy makers and the larger community in making decisions about scientific issues and in visualizing output of predictive and scenario-based models. The DT has, like other virtual environments and related technology, generated interest and excitement, and ...

As a promising strategy for artificially control of gene expression, reversible assembly of nanomaterials and DNA nanomachine, DNA triplex formation has received much attention. Carbon nanotubes as gene and drug delivery vector or as 'building blocks' in nano/microelectronic devices have been successfully explored. Therefore, studies on triplex DNA-based carbon nanotube hybrid materials are imp...

Signal detection was used as a ‘tertiary’ task to assess drivers’ ‘spare processing capacity’ during the performance of two in-vehicle information systems (IVIS). The main aims of the study were: a) to establish if performance on signal detection can be used to assess IVIS safety during driving and b) to determine whether signal modality is important for this assessment. Participants performed ...