Magnetic Skyrmions are topologically protected spin structures with sophisticated swirls of electron spins. In recent times, photonic counterparts the magnetic have been discovered new deep-subwavelength characteristics promising for future applications in optical information storage and transfer. While real space observed diverse systems, studies on momentum rarely done. Here we show different...

X-ray crystallography unequivocally showed that protection of the free hydroxyl group of 3,5-O-benzyl-idene-d-lyxono-1,4-lactone with diphenyl-diazo-methane proceeded with retention of configuration to give the title compound, C(25)H(22)O(5). The crystal structure consists of layers of inter-locked mol-ecules lying parallel to the a axis.

We present an orthogonal topological framework which is able to provide incidence traversal operations for all topological elements. The run-time performance of this topological traversal operations can be optimized at a highly expressive level, where the abstraction penalty imposed by this approach is negligible. For the topological storage we use vertex-cell as well as cell-vertex incidence i...

The behaviour-contingent rhythmic synchronization of neuronal activity is reported by local field potential oscillations in the theta, gamma and sharp wave-related ripple (SWR) frequency ranges. In the hippocampus, pyramidal cell assemblies representing temporal sequences are coordinated by GABAergic interneurons selectively innervating specific postsynaptic domains, and discharging phase locke...

An all solid-state approach to the precise frequency synthesis and control of widely tunable terahertz radiation by differencing continuous-wave diode lasers at 850 nm is reported in this paper. The difference frequency is synthesized by three fiber-coupled external-cavity laser diodes. Two of the lasers are Pound–Drever–Hall locked to different orders of a Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity, and the thir...