With the recent boom in US shale gas production, optimal development of these assets has become a topic of significant interest. In addition to the complex physics typically associated with shale plays, field development optimization can be a challenging problem itself when binary, integer and continuous variables are concurrently present. For complex problems of this nature, it is appropriate ...

BACKGROUND Bone loss at peripheral sites in the elderly is mainly cortical and involves increased cortical porosity. However, an association between bone loss at these sites and 25-hydroxyvitamin D has not been reported. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, bone microstructure and areal bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly men. METHODS A pop...

Naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR) represent an important percentage of worldwide hydrocarbon reserves and production. The performance naturally gas condensate would be more complicated regarding both rock fluid effects. In contrast to the dual-porosity model, dual-porosity/dual-permeability (dual-permeability) model is considered as a modified in which flow wellbore occurs through matrix fra...