The relationship between ductal and lobular breast carcinoma is highlighted in cases in which these morphologically divergent carcinomas coexist in proximity within a single patient. We hypothesized that such cases may result from the proliferation of a precursor lesion into a tumor containing areas of divergent morphologic features. In this study, we analyzed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 10...

Encapsulated papillary ductal carcinoma (EPC) of the breast is a rare form of cancer with defining histopathology of encapsulation. These lesions are typically indolent but may rarely have concomitant, synchronous invasive lesions.This report details a 56-year-old black female who presented with a palpable left breast mass. Adenosis with focal fibrous and ductal hyperplasia characteristics were...

In an original article published recently in The Breast, Galimberti et al, of the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, Italy, argue the reasons for adopting the IDN / ILN system nomenclature for carcinoma in situ in breast lesions. The term IDN (intraepithelial ductal neoplasia) was coined by Tavassoli in 1998 and shortly thereafter was proposed ILN (lobular intraepithelial neoplasia), as a...

histological grading is a good parameter to stratify tumors according to their biological aggressiveness. the elston and ellis grading method in humans, invasive ductal breast carcinomas and other invasive tumors are routinely used. the aims of this study were classification of mammary gland tumors and also application of a human grading method in canine mammary carcinoma. the samples included ...

BACKGROUND To date, the clinical presentation and prognosis of mixed ductal/lobular mammary carcinomas has not been well studied, and little is known about the outcome of this entity. Thus, best management practices remain undetermined due to a dearth of knowledge on this topic. METHODS In this paper, we present a clinicopathologic analysis of patients at our institution with this entity and ...

BACKGROUND Cytoplasmic eosinophilia in breast tumors is due mainly to abundance of secretory granules, lysosomes and/or mitochondria. Diffuse cytoplasmic hyalinization caused by intermediate filaments has not been described before. CASES Two cases of pure mammary mucinous carcinoma occurred with marked cytoplasmic hyalinization among 556 wide excision/mastectomy specimens of mammary ductal ca...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Lysine-specific demethylase1 (LSD1) is a nuclear protein which belongs to the aminooxidase-enzymes playing an important role in controlling gene expression. It has also been found highly expressed in several human malignancies including breast carcinoma. Our aim was to detect LSD1 expression also in pre-invasive neoplasias of the breast. In the current study we therefor...

Accurate estimation of disease extent and margin status is critical when evaluating partial mastectomy cases because both are predictors of recurrence. No published standards exist for processing specimens involved by invasive carcinoma, presumably because such cases have a gross lesion. We retrospectively studied 100 partial mastectomy cases and concluded that a standardized tissue mapping pro...

Here we present a series of infiltrative ductal carcinoma breast cases (infiltrative ductal carcinoma with central necrosis) so closely mimicking 'DCIS with central comedo necrosis' that on initial morphological analysis these foci of tumors were labeled as DCIS (high grade, comedo). However on further histological work up and by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for myoepithelial markers it was...

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant types of tumor. It is important to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of pancreatic tumorigenesis and to identify novel biomarkers as therapeutic targets of pancreatic cancer. In the present study, the protein expression levels of Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) and receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) were examined in a...