Farmers' objectives and the factors a€ecting them were studied in 91 dairy farms in Costa Rica. Objective's hierarchies were studied using Rokeach's technique with a mixture of personal, economic and familiar goals. A canonical correlation analysis was performed to ®nd out simple and canonical correlations between farmers'/farms' characteristics and objective priorities. Factor analysis combine...

The hypothesis tested was that exposure of broiler chickens to an electromagnetic field (EMF) may reduce the signs of coccidiosis infection, based on recent insights into immunology. The experiment had a 2 x 2 factorial design. An uninfected and an infected group did not receive further treatment, whereas the other uninfected and infected groups were subjected to EMF treatment. In the cages of ...

Colistin is used to treat infectious diseases in humans and livestock; it has also been as a feed additive for livestock approximately 50 years. Since the mcr-1 plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene was discovered China 2015, detected worldwide, mainly livestock. In this study, we investigated prevalence characteristics of mcr -mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli farmers Japan. We ...

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains are believed to be widely distributed among humans and animals; however, to date, there are only few studies that support this assumption on a regional or countrywide scale. Therefore, a study was designed to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in dairy cows and beef cattle in the southern part of Bavaria, Germa...

The bias against mangrove areas in siting fish farms prompted a comparison of the cost structure and yield performance in upland and mangrove locations. Tools utilized included descriptive statistics, budgetary and cash flow analyses and profitability ratios. Empirical results revealed that substantial revenue could be realized from both farms. While the upland farms yielded average gross reven...

The present experiment investigated the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the growth performance, oocyst shedding, duodenal mucosal immune response, and redox status of broiler chicks infected with Eimeria acervulina. Totally 144 birds were fed either the basal diet or 1.5% CLA diet for 21 days, and then half of them from each dietary treatment were inoculated with 10 000 Eimeria ace...

Livestock movement is thought to be a risk factor for the transmission of infectious diseases of farm animals. Simple mathematical models were constructed for the transmission of Escherichia coli serogroup O157 between Scottish cattle farms, and the models were used in a preliminary exploration of factors contributing to the levels of infection reported in the field. The results suggest that ca...

This study reports a novel immunopotentiating effect of a lectin (FFrL) extracted from the mushroom Fomitella fraxinea on poultry cell-mediated immunity and poultry coccidiosis. We describe the extraction of FFrL, its in vitro mitogenic activity and in vivo protection against an oral challenge infection with Eimeria acervulina. When tested on several cell types, crude FFrL agglutinated mouse er...

We previously reported that the chimeric DNA vaccine pcDNA-3-1E-linker-mChIL-15, fused through linking Eimeria acervulina 3-1E encoding gene and mature chicken IL-15 (mChIL-15) gene with four flexible amino acid SPGS, could significantly offer protection against homologous challenge. In the present study, the induction of cellular immune response induced by the chimeric DNA vaccine pcDNA-3-1E-l...