Highly nonlinear pump fluence dependence was observed in the ultrafast one-color pump-probe responses excited by 38 fs pulses resonant with the E(22) transition in a room-temperature solution of (6,5) carbon nanotubes. The differential probe transmission (ΔT/T) at the peak of the pump-probe response (τ = 20 fs) was measured for pump fluences from ∼10(13) to 10(17) photons/pulse cm(2). The onset...

We investigate the susceptibility of democracies to demagogues, studying tensions between representatives who guard voters’ long-run interests and demagogues cater short-run desires. Parties propose consumption investment. Voters base choices on current-period valence shocks. Younger/poorer economies economically disadvantaged voters are attracted demagogue’s disinvestment policies, forcing far...

Native mass spectrometry is now an important tool in structural biology. Thus, the nature of higher protein structure vacuum spectrometer area significant interest. One major goals study gas-phase to elucidate stabilising role interactions at level individual amino acid residues. A strategy combining chemical modification together with collision induced unfolding (CIU) was developed and employe...

In this era of globalization, human capital as is a determining factor in ensuring social and cultural progress. Human able to develop itself contribute understanding the problems that exist science high technology, social, modern economy. creating quality education, it determined by role capital, namely teacher holder world education who has ability intellectual transfer knowledge. The will de...

Ultrafast photocurrent measurements are performed on individual carbon nanotube p-i-n photodiodes. The photocurrent response to subpicosecond pulses separated by a variable time delay Δt shows strong photocurrent suppression when two pulses overlap (Δt=0). The picosecond-scale decay time of photocurrent suppression scales inversely with the applied bias V(SD), and is twice as long for photon en...

I explore the role of the Just-in-Time (JIT) inventory system in the increase of cash holdings among U.S. manufacturing firms. I first demonstrate the empirical importance of JIT in shaping cash policy. I then develop a model to analyze the mechanism through which JIT affects cash and quantify its impact. In the model, both cash and inventory can serve as working capital. As firms switch from t...

This paper treats various aspects of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of certain elliptic equations of geometric interest on complete Riemannian manifolds. Sharp results relating the rate of volume growth of a complete Riemannian manifold and the growth of its harmonic and subharmonic functions can be found in E22] together with references to related results. In Sect. 2 of this paper we con...

The issue of whether government capital is productive has received a great deal of attention recently, yet empirical analyses of public capital productivity have generally been limited to the official capital stock estimates available in a small sample of countries. Alternatively, many researchers have investigated the output effects of public investment—recognizing that investment may be a poo...

This paper uses the financial crisis of 2008 as a natural experiment to demonstrate that when measuring investment-cash flow sensitivity, the value of a firm‟s assets that can be used as collateral should be taken into account. Using panel data on U.S. firms from 1990 to 2011, it was found that the share of physical capital in assets has a strong influence on investment-cash flow sensitivity, w...