the aim of this study is to evaluate early and late results of surgery in children with congenital heart disease and decreased pulmonary blood flow, who underwent a palliative systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. during the past 9 years, 157 systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunts were performed in 130 patients (69 males, 61 females) with ages from 1 day to 31 years old. they had been evaluated for their c...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in both developed and developing countries and the second most common cancer in the world. Developing countries are increasingly adopting a Western lifestyle, such as changes in diet and delayed first childbirth, lower parity, and shorter periods of breastfeeding, which are important determinants of a higher incidence of breast cancer among those...

PURPOSE Cervical cancer screening is an effective method for reducing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer, but the screening attendance rate in developing countries is far from satisfactory, especially in rural areas. Wufeng is a region of high cervical cancer incidence in China. This study aimed to investigate the issues that concern cervical cancer and screening and the factors tha...

OBJECTIVE The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to increase by 60% to more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths by 2030. In this study, we aim to describe the recent CRC incidence and mortality patterns and trends linking the findings to the prospects of reducing the burden through cancer prevention and care. DESIGN Estimates of sex-specific CRC incidence and m...

To take effective measures for prevention and achieve the goal of reducing the incidence and mortality rate from breast cancer, the method of descriptive epidemiology was used to study the situation regarding female breast cancer in Tianjin. There is an increasing trend for the incidence rate (increasing 51% during the period from 1981 to 1997), though the absolute value is still low in compari...

In French Guiana, the age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer is four times higher than in France and the mortality rate 5.5 times higher. A survival study revealed that stage at diagnosis was the main factor influencing the prognosis, showing that early detection is crucial to increase cervical cancer survival. The present study aimed at evaluating the cervical cancer screening rate...

Epidemiological studies showed the incidence mortality rates of cancer were increasing in recent decades in Chinese population. National and regional preventive programs aim to reduce the health hazards of cancer and focuse the population at high risks for specific cancer, particularly in rural areas and to offer the access to early detection for multlple cancers in urban areas. The early scree...

OBJECTIVE We evaluate the impact that implementing an in-hospital protocol for the early detection of sepsis risk has on mortality from severe sepsis/septic shock. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study conducted in 2 phases at 2 general hospitals in Brazil. In phase I, patients with severe sepsis/septic shock were identified and treated in accordance with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign g...

Disease screening instruments used for secondary prevention can facilitate early determination and treatment of pathogenic factors, effectively reducing disease incidence, mortality rates, and health complications. Therefore, people should be encouraged to receive health examinations for discovering potential pathogenic factors before symptoms occur. Here, we used the health belief model as a f...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the benefit of PSA-based screening for prostate cancer from the patient and societal perspectives. METHOD A partially observable Markov decision process model was used to optimize PSA screening decisions. Age-specific prostate cancer incidence rates and the mortality rates from prostate cancer and competing causes were considered. The model trades off the potential benef...