The corpora cardiaca of the cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea contain a hypertrehalosaemic hormone (HTH) which is chemically characterized as a blocked decapeptide. The synthetic HTH shows the same chromatographic behaviour as the material isolated from corpora cardiaca. The synthetic peptide causes hypertrehalosaemia and fat body glycogen phosphorylase-activation in N. cinerea as well as in the Amer...

This study demonstrates that the isoprenoid farnesol produces a toxic effect on the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea in solid and liquid media. In solid media farnesol retarded 72 h the beginning of mycelial growth. Also, it was demonstrated that the toxic effect is due to farnesol triggers apoptosis in B. cinerea because ROS accumulation, DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine externa...

Arabidopsis thaliana is known to produce the phytoalexin camalexin in response to abiotic and biotic stress. Here we studied the mechanisms of tolerance to camalexin in the fungus Botrytis cinerea, a necrotrophic pathogen of A. thaliana. Exposure of B. cinerea to camalexin induces expression of BcatrB, an ABC transporter that functions in the efflux of fungitoxic compounds. B. cinerea inoculate...

The antifungal activity of polygodial, a secondary metabolite extracted from Canelo, on mycelial growth of different Botrytis cinerea isolates has been evaluated. The results show that polygodial affects growth of normal and resistant isolates of B. cinerea with EC50 values ranging between 117 and 175 ppm. In addition, polygodial markedly decreases the germination of B. cinerea, i.e., after six...

Interactions between fungi occur when they grow on the same host plant. This is the case of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum on grape. P. expansum is also responsible for production of the mycotoxin patulin. In this study, the influence of the interaction between both fungi on fungal growth parameters was studied as well as the effect on the accumulation of patulin by P. expansum. For ...

The Agaricus bisporus serine proteinase 1 (SPR1) appears to be significant in both mycelial nutrition and senescence of the fruiting body. We report on the construction of an SPR promoter::green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion cassette, pGreen_hph1_SPR_GFP, for the investigation of temporal and developmental expression of SPR1 in homobasidiomycetes and to determine how expression is linked to ...

Figure 1. Mature Coprinopsis cinerea mushrooms fruiting in a deep Petri dish. (Photo courtesy of Hajime Muraguchi.) What is Coprinopsis cinerea? Coprinopsis cinerea is a small mushroom that has attracted the attention of geneticists and cytologists — and also, apparently, taxonomists, as the species has undergone five name changes in the last 30 years, most recently from Coprinus cinereus to Co...

Ethylene response factor (ERF) transcription factors play important roles in regulating immune responses in plants. In our study, we characterized a member of the ERF transcription factor family, VaERF20, from the Chinese wild Vitis genotype, V. amurensis Rupr "Shuangyou". Phylogenetic analysis indicated that VaERF20 belongs to group IXc of the ERF family, in which many members are known to con...

ABSTRACT Botrytis blight (gray mold), caused by Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most widely distributed diseases of ornamental plants. In geranium plants, gray mold is responsible for important losses in production. The mold Aspergillus giganteus is known to produce and secrete a basic low-molecular-weight protein, the antifungal protein (AFP). Here, the antifungal properties of the Aspergillus...

Arabidopsis VQ motif-containing proteins have recently been demonstrated to interact with several WRKY transcription factors; however, their specific biological functions and the molecular mechanisms underlying their involvement in defense responses remain largely unclear. Here, we showed that two VQ genes, VQ12 and VQ29, were highly responsive to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis ciner...