the current methods for treatment of cancers are inadequate and more specific methods such as gene therapy are in progress. among different vehicles, cationic liposomes are frequently used for delivery of genetic material. this investigation aims to prepare and optimize dotap cationic liposomes containing an antisense oligonuclotide (asodn) against protein kinase c alpha in non-small cells lung...

Liposomes have attracted great interest as efficient carriers for nutrients, drugs and other bioactive agents as well as ideal models for biological membranes. This article intends to provide an overview of liposomes and nanoliposomes definition as well as their properties and preparation methods. Also it elaborates on various applications of nanoliposomes in nanotherapy including diagnostics, ...

Abstract Hyperechogenic breast lesions are a relatively rare finding at ultrasonography and traditionally thought to be benign. However, hyperechogenicity on the ultrasound alone does not provide enough evidence rule out malignancy completely. We herein reported short series of nine cases echogenic malignant lesions, which include invasive ductal carcinoma, carcinoma in situ, lobular angiosarco...

Mid trimester fetal anatomy scan is a fundamental part of routine antenatal care. Some U/S soft markers or controversial U/S signs are seen during the scan and create some confusion regarding their relation to fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Example of these signs: echogenic focus in the heart, echogenic bowel, renal pyelectasis, ventriculomegaly, polydactely, club foot, choroid plexus cyst, s...

Outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is a permeability barrier to many antibacterial agents, including the glycopeptide antibiotics such as vancomycin hydrochloride and as a result these antibiotics are ineffective against Gram negative bacteria. Different strategies have been described to overcome such limitation, including application of nanoparticles, as was shown in our previous studies...

The current methods for treatment of cancers are inadequate and more specific methods such as gene therapy are in progress. Among different vehicles, cationic liposomes are frequently used for delivery of genetic material. This investigation aims to prepare and optimize DOTAP cationic liposomes containing an antisense oligonuclotide (AsODN) against protein kinase C alpha in non-small cells lung...

the interaction of drugs and polymers used to incorporate in or surface modify/coat the liposomes can affect the phase transition, fluidity and other physical properties as well as in vivo fate of vesicles. in this study, differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) was used to investigate changes in the temperature and the enthalpy of phase transition of liposomes of various electrical charges foll...

Cranial sonographic examinations of 199 neonates were evaluated to determine the incidence of an echogenic pattern in the occipital lobe that simulated a mass, to relate that finding to the birth weight, and to correlate it with the gyral development of the occipital lobe. This echogenic pattern was seen in infants weighing less than 1750 g at birth and was identified on both sides of the midli...

UNLABELLED In Brazil there is no systematic study on Transcranial Sonography (TCS), a neuroimaging method that depicts echogenic deep brain structures using ultrasound. OBJECTIVE To establish the percentage of subjects with permissive temporal windows and to address the ability of TCS of the substantia nigra (SN) to distinguish parkinsonian patients in a Brazilian sample. METHOD We performe...

To the Editor:—In their article, Kato et al. report about intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic findings in 46 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty, randomly assigned with or without a tourniquet around the thigh. The authors looked for abnormal echogenic findings in the right atrium during the tourniquet inflation phase, and they sought to identify the nature and compositi...