INTRODUCTION The purpose of this ecological study was to evaluate the urban spatial and temporal distribution of tuberculosis (TB) in Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, southeast Brazil, between 2006 and 2009 and to evaluate its relationship with factors of social vulnerability such as income and education level. METHODS We evaluated data from TBWeb, an electronic notification system for TB ...

Species face many threats, including accelerated climate change, sea level rise, and conversion and degradation of habitat from human land uses. Vulnerability assessments and prioritization protocols have been proposed to assess these threats, often in combination with information such as species rarity; ecological, evolutionary or economic value; and likelihood of success. Nevertheless, few vu...

Land use is expanding and intensifying in the unprotected lands surrounding many of the world's protected areas. The influence of this land use change on ecological processes is poorly understood. The goal of this paper is to draw on ecological theory to provide a synthetic framework for understanding how land use change around protected areas may alter ecological processes and biodiversity wit...

Crop production under a smallholder system is challenged by several (a)biotic risks those resulted in livelihood insecurity. This study assesses farmers’ perceived vulnerability level to the crop farming and identifies its determinants using an integrated analysis approach. Survey data collected from 393 sample households West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia, were analyzed PCA ordered probit reg...

nowadays, environmental impact assessment (eia) is a one of planning tool that used for the prediction of environmental impacts. there are several methods to assess environmental impacts in the world. degradation model is one of the mathematics models that investigates and predicts data for assessing the impact of development. degradation model consist degradation coefficient per ecology unit, ...

Large dams represent a whole complex of social, economic and ecological processes, perhaps more than any other large infrastructure project. Today, countries with rapidly developing economies are constructing new dams to provide energy and flood control to growing populations in riparian and distant urban communities. If the system is lacking institutional capacity to absorb these physical and ...

Abstract Due to seawater intrusion into the Indus delta, Pakistan under changing climate scenarios, local communities of delta are threat land and livelihood. The present study was initiated analyze community perceptions about social ecological change vulnerability in Pakistan. About 500 permanent residents were interviewed using a well-structured questionnaire. IBM SPSS software used data base...