The article reveals that current reforms in the education system of Ukraine attempt to address latest social challenges and fulfil priority tasks assigned by legislative executive branches government, particular, regarding improving effectiveness settings martial law changing dynamics spread coronavirus disease pandemic country. study specified a list requests expectations state civil society f...

This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date...

A substantial body of evidence has shown that past reforms have largely failed to improve schools in urban areas. After reviewing some of the major reforms that have been undertaken over the last 20 to 30 years the authors conclude that prior efforts failed to address the numerous ways in which poverty influences student academic outcomes and school performance (Coleman et al., 1966; Rothstein,...

Strengthening the primary care system and promoting utilization of primary care are the major targets of China's ambitious health reforms to meet its people's escalating health care needs. However, the changing trend of primary care utilization 4 years before and after 2009, when the health reforms started, is against the government's stated goal. The percentage of outpatient visits in primary ...

Drawing evidence from a recent empirical study, this paper argues that Bernstein’s corpus of work offers a language of description and analysis to investigate the disjuncture between policy and practice in contemporary educational reform. It is argued that the disjuncture is often the result of practitioners having to enact reforms with somewhat contradictory expectations such as meeting extern...

In response to widespread dissatisfaction with its public schools, California has implemented a number of educational reforms over the past decade. Perhaps the most dramatic, and certainly the most costly, was the passage of the class size reduction (CSR) law in the summer of 1996. This legislation aimed to reduce average class size by roughly one-third, from 30 students to 20, in grades kinder...

Higher education in many countries is in a state of flux and universities have been under pressure to carry out structural reforms in order to become more competitive, as well as generate resources to fund programs. In some countries, where education is turning into a large commercial market, universities have to face competition from other types of educational institutions. Environmental press...

In Europe, public schools are more and more going to be run as autonomous schools. From the point of view of the educational system, the current school reform is a process of decentralisation of competences and centralisation of control and regulations. At the level of schools as organizations, reforms concern organizational and pedagogical matters. Organizational autonomy and curriculum autono...

Just as China has struggled with bringing an expanding economy to a country with large areas of economic underdevelopment, the Chinese health care system is experiencing tension between tradition and modernization. Because of this tension, health care in the Peoples' Republic of China has been undergoing significant reform since the beginning of the 1980s. Experiments in market-based health sys...