Synchronized neuronal activity in the cortex generates weak electric fields that are routinely measured in humans and animal models by electroencephalography and local field potential recordings. Traditionally, these endogenous electric fields have been considered to be an epiphenomenon of brain activity. Recent work has demonstrated that active cortical networks are surprisingly susceptible to...

KELLY, KEITH A. AND RICHARD C. LA FORCE. Pacing the canine stomach with electric stimulation. Am. J. Physiol. 222(3) : 588-594. 1972.-Certain aspects of gastric electric activity in six conscious dogs were controlled by electric stimulation from encircling and point gastric electrodes. The natural gastric pacesetter potential (PP) arose in the orad corpus at a mean frequency of 5.0 & 0.1 cycles...

Electrical stimulation has been known since Galvani’s work with frogs in the 1780’s and is the most widely used method of stimulation in modern clinical medicine. Magnetic stimulation does however have certain advantages over electrical stimulation including its ability to stimulate nerves painlessly. It appears a natural progression to try a method of combined magnetic and electric stimulation...

Auditory conditioning (associative learning) or focal electric stimulation of the primary auditory cortex (AC) evokes reorganization (plasticity) of the cochleotopic (frequency) map of the inferior colliculus (IC) as well as that of the AC. The reorganization results from shifts in the best frequencies (BFs) and frequency-tuning curves of single neurons. Since the importance of the cholinergic ...

Heterotropic ossification is a common complication after spinal cord injury. Gradual advancements in the physiopathology and rehabilitation fields, and new treatment methods are a hope for the recovery of the clinical picture of injured individuals in the near future. The objective of this study was to evaluate the heterotropic ossification response of the thigh-femoral joints to neuromuscular ...

OBJECTIVE Electrical stimulation is normally performed on ears that have no hearing function, i.e., lack functional hair cells. The properties of electrically-evoked responses in these cochleae were investigated in several previous studies. Recent clinical developments have introduced cochlear implantation (CI) in residually-hearing ears to improve speech understanding in noise. The present stu...

D ESPITE SIGNIFICANT improvements within the last 20 years, in both patient care and antibiotic therapy , the major cause of death among victims of paraplegia is still urologic disease. In addition to this everpresent threat, many paraplegics live with chronic high urine residuals and concomitant urinary infections and suffer, as well, the embarrassment caused by lack of voluntary control of mi...

Focal electric stimulation of the auditory cortex, 30-minute repetitive acoustic stimulation and auditory fear conditioning each evoke shifts of the frequency-tuning curves (hereafter, best frequency [BF] shifts) of cortical and collicular neurons. The short-term collicular BF shift is produced by the corticofugal system and primarily depends on the relationship in BF between a recorded collicu...

Focal electric stimulation of the auditory cortex, 30-min repetitive acoustic stimulation, and auditory fear conditioning each evoke shifts of the frequency-tuning curves [hereafter, best frequency (BF) shifts] of cortical and collicular neurons. The short-term collicular BF shift is produced by the corticofugal system and primarily depends on the relationship in BF between a recorded collicula...

Direct cardiac stimulation was conducted in the open chest. In normal animals, auricular stimulation at frequencies faster than the spontaneous rate caused little change in vascular pressures or cardiac output. Comparable ventricular stimulation in the same animals caused falls in cardiac output and blood pressure, with elevations in venous pressure. In contrast, ventricular stimulation in anim...