نتایج جستجو برای: electric tariffs
تعداد نتایج: 146066 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract What does the macroeconomy look like in aftermath of tariff changes? This study estimates impulse response functions from local projections using a panel annual data that spans 151 countries 1963 to 2014. Tariff increases are associated with persistent, economically and statistically significant declines domestic output productivity, as well higher unemployment inequality, real exchang...
The plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) has attracted more and more attention because of the energy crisis and environmental pollution, which is also the main shiftable load of the residential users’ demand side management (DSM) system in the future smart grid (SG). In this paper, we employ game theory to provide an autonomous energy management system among residential users considering selling ener...
Connection of electric storage technologies to smartgrids will have substantial implications for building energy systems. Local storage will enable demand response. When connected to buildings, mobile storage devices such as electric vehicles (EVs) are in competition with conventional stationary sources at the building. EVs can change the financial as well as environmental attractiveness of on-...
Non-road electric vehicles (NREVs) such as forklifts and golf carts utilize grid power to charge batteries, and today much of this power is utilized on-peak. Estimates are as high as 100 MW in SCE service territory alone. Since batteries are by nature an energy storage technology, many customers find that charging can be easily shifted away from system peak hours, saving them money and enhancin...
This paper examines the effects of tariffs on price-setting duopolists selling a homogeneous product. The producers cannot segment geographically distinct mar kets. It provides a complete characterization of the equilibrium (mixed) strategies and analyzes the pattern of competition for different tariffs. If a country raises its tariff, the profits of both producers increase, although the prote...
A very large number of problems which had remained intractable for years had found solutions, even though the negotiations foundered on the extent to which developing countries would be able to raise tariffs to protect farmers from import surges under a 'special safeguard mechanism'. Differences over cuts to farm subsidies and industrial tariffs, which had long seemed virtually intractable, app...
Please (2009) Summary.— In this paper we clarify the mechanisms through which rural electrification can contribute to rural development. Through a detailed case study analysis of a community-based electric micro-grid in rural Kenya, we demonstrate that access to electricity enables the use of electric equipment and tools by small and micro enterprises, resulting in significant improvement in pr...
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