This paper describes a prototype instrumentation system for photogrammetric measuring of bed and ash layers, as well as for flying particle detection and pursuit using a single device (CCD) web camera. The system was designed to obtain images of the combustion process in the interior of a domestic boiler. It includes a cooling system, needed because of the high temperatures in the combustion ch...

The fast pyrolysis process is developed to produce liquid bio oil from biomass. In the discussed process the required thermal energy is extracted from a circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB) as hot sand fed into the pyrolysis reactor. Residual char and uncondensed gases from the pyrolysis process are fed back and combusted in the boiler. Thus, the pyrolysis and the boiler processes are interco...

The use of boiler wood-fired is fairly common equipment utilized in steam generation for energy production in small industries. The boiler activities are considered dangerous and heavy, mainly due to risks of explosions and the lack of mechanization of the process. This study assessed the burden of physical labor that operators of boilers are subjected during the workday. Assessment of these co...

This paper uses the energy hub concept to meet the water, heat and electricity demand of a power plant in the Qeshm island in south of Iran. Given the power plant’s high potential for waste heat recovery and some scenarios were considered using the hub energy concept based on energy, exergy, environmental and economic analyzes in terms of meeting the demands of the hub and purchasing/selling en...

The rigorous development and veri cation of a boiler system speci cation is presented. Part I shows how the boiler system controller can be developed in a series of elaboration steps in which variables that directly re ect plant conditions are replaced by variables representing sensed, communicated values. Part II shows how the safety of the system can be assessed by rst verifying safety relati...

The Finnish Government target of carbon neutrality by 2035 is challenging for the district heat (DH) systems cities, as nearly 50% DH fuels are still fossil or peat. price in cities rising intensively. To avoid energy poverty, it imperative to develop low-carbon solutions affordable all customers. feasibility various scenarios supplying a network investigated with three different renovation lev...

Electricity is an essential energy that can benefit our daily lives. There are many sources available for electricity generation, such as coal, natural gas and nuclear. Among these sources, coal has been widely used in thermal power plants that account for about 41% of the worldwide electricity supply. However, these thermal power plants are also found to be a big pollution source to our enviro...

This paper presents an approach to control pluggage of a coal-fired boiler. The proposed approach involves statistics, data partitioning, parameter reduction, and data mining. The proposed approach was tested on a 750 MW commercial coal-fired boiler affected with a fouling problem that leads to boiler pluggage that causes unscheduled shutdowns. The rare-event detection approach presented in the...

In this work, multiple model control of a boiler-turbine system is studied. Multiple linear local models are obtained through piecewise linearization. A bank of Kalman filters is constructed using these local models. States and model parameters used for future predictions within the predictive control are updated online through computation of probability density functions. Simulations show that...

The treatment of growing production municipal sewage sludge has become a significant global problem. Drying digested is promising alternative to disposal at dumping sites. research objective this study was find the optimal heat source for drying plant in large (people equivalent: 250,000). Two boundary supply cases were analyzed paper: cogeneration and power (CHP) units, internal combustion (IC...