This work reports a comparative electrochemical behaviour study and p-nitrophenol analytical detection using silver solid amalgam, hanging dropping mercury, and silver electrodes. For this, square wave voltammetry was employed, where the analytical responses and the redox mechanisms could be compared for reduction processes of 4-nitrophenol by analysis of the voltammetric responses. The analyti...

Endogenous electric field is known to play important roles in the wound-healing process, mainly through its effects on protein synthesis and cell migration. Many clinical studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation (ES) with steady direct currents is beneficial to accelerating wound-healing, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, a three-dimensiona...

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to form a MWCNTs-CTAB nanocomposite-modified electrode. The electrocatalytic response of the modified electrode towards tryptophan (Trp) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The surface...

The interface-induced second-harmonic generation from ferroelectric hafnium–zirconium oxide (Hf0.5Zr0.5O2) epitaxial thin films, buffered with a La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 bottom electrode, is analyzed as function of input and output polarization angles the azimuthal angle sample for several film thicknesses. It shown that signal generated mainly buffer side interface, rather than side. However, affects ...

The performance of many technologies, such as Li- and Na-ion batteries as well as some two-dimensional (2D) electronics, is dependent upon the reversibility of stacking-sequence-change phase transformations. However, the mechanisms by which such transformations lead to degradation are not well understood. This study explores lattice-invariant shear as a source of irreversibility in stacking-seq...

Tremendous efforts have been dedicated into the development of high-performance energy storage devices with nanoscale design and hybrid approaches. The boundary between the electrochemical capacitors and batteries becomes less distinctive. The same material may display capacitive or battery-like behavior depending on the electrode design and the charge storage guest ions. Therefore, the underly...

We have developed a single/double layer model to explain horizontal shifting of measured D-E hysteresis loops imprint for ferroelectric thin films. Such phenomenon can be explained by considering three mechanisms or their multiple effects: 1 stress induced by film/electrode lattice mismatch or clamping, 2 domain pinning induced by, e.g., oxygen vacancies, or 3 degradation of ferroelectric prope...

Batteries for electrical storage are central to any future alternative energy paradigm. The ability to probe the redox mechanisms occurring at electrodes during their operation is essential to improve battery performances. Here we present the first report on Electron Paramagnetic Resonance operando spectroscopy and in situ imaging of a Li-ion battery using Li2Ru0.75Sn0.25O3, a high-capacity (>2...

Here we report on the significant improvements made in the energy efficiency and cycle life of full-cell soluble lead flow batteries (SLFBs). We describe energy efficiency loss mechanisms, particularly in context to the deposition of PbO2 at the positive electrode. The morphology and crystal structure of deposits formed at the positive electrode, under galvanostatic and potentiostatic condition...

a new cesium ion selective pvc membrane based on parent calix [4] arene was developed for potentiometric determination of cesium in environmental samples. the electrode based on p-5,11,17,23tetra(tertbutyl) 25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxy calix[4]arene(thc) as ionophor ,dibutyl phthalate (dbp)as plasticizer ,sodium tetra phenyl borate(natpb)and oleic acid as lipophilic salt and additive showed the bes...