Its longitudinal mass stretches along the curve of plot, and moving forward from surrounding construction, it closes set free-standing buildings with two marked wings. Like a retaining wall or fortification: resists clutter hillside. It was as if gravity had attracted him to bay plot — loose-textured block. —The composition wing bastion-like element bisects volume building. With proportions lat...

1. The centre of area of the wings of a Harris' hawk gliding freely in a wind tunnel moved forward 0.09 wing chord lengths when the hawk increased its wing span from 0.68 to 1.07 m. The movement of the centre of area probably produces a positive pitching moment that, if unopposed, would cause the bird's head to rise. The tail remained folded until wing span reached 87 % of maximum and then bega...

Of the insects that have been filmed in flight, those that are 1 mm in length or less often clap their wings together at the end of each upstroke and fling them apart at the beginning of each downstroke. This ;clap and fling' motion is thought to augment the lift forces generated during flight. What has not been highlighted in previous work is that very large forces are required to clap the win...

Abstract In recent research works, morphing wings were studied as an interesting field for a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The previous studies either focused on selecting suitable material the or performing experimental tests UAVs with wings. Though, dynamic modeling of active flexible and their involved interactions aerodynamics UAV body are challenging subjects. Using such model to co...

In 1997, the Charles Stark Draper Laboratories commenced a project with the objectives of reducing the risk, cost and time associated with obtaining time critical battlefield reconnaissance data. The Wide Area Surveillance Projective, or WASP, is a small autonomous flyer, which is launched contained in an artillery shell, and then deployed over the battlefield to capture images. The first phase...

The paper presents work on testing of inflatable wings for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Design and construction of inflatable wings is discussed, along with ground and flight testing. Predictions and correlations of the forces required to warp (twist) the wings to a particular shape and the aerodynamic forces generated by that shape change are presented. The focus is on characterizing the d...

The structure of the dermapteran hind wings is described and their hind wing folding is compared with other insect taxa with folded wings (i.e. Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Blattodea). The peculiarities of the dermapteran hind wing folding are pointed out: the wings are unfolded by the cerci, one wing after the other, in a rather slow process. The antagonistic movement, folding the wings, is ach...

Infection of North American bats with the keratin-digesting fungus Geomyces destructans often results in holes and ruptures of wing membranes, yet it is unknown whether flight performance and metabolism of bats are altered by such injuries. I conducted flight experiments in a circular flight arena with Myotis albescens and M. nigricans individuals with an intact or ruptured trailing edge of one...

We examined the effect of visual experience on the haptic Müller-Lyer illusion. Subjects made size estimates of raised lines by using a sliding haptic ruler. Independent groups of blind-folded-sighted, late-blind, congenitally blind, and low-vision subjects judged the sizes of wings-in and wings-out stimuli, plain lines, and lines with short vertical ends. An illusion was found, since the wings...