many investigators are interested in finding the new cultural systems that can support the in vitro development of pre-implantation embryos better. previous studies suggested that growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (egf) are important in pre-implantation embryo development and implantation process. on the other hand, it is very important to support post thaw development of frozen em...

clinical reproductive centers produce large amounts of surplus poor-quality embryos annually, how to maximize the use of these embryos, and which of them have the potential to develop into blastocyst stage and influencing factors were lack of systematic research. objective: to investigate the fate of surplus poor-quality embryos which were cultured to obtain blastocyst, determine the factors wh...

Salmonid fish have become important models in evolution and ecology, but possible effects of embryo or larval sex are mostly ignored, probably because morphological gonad formation starts only months after hatching sexual maturation years later. However, recent gene expression studies first observations domestic strains suggest that sex-specific life histories could already start at an embryoni...

An efficient Agrobacterium-mediate transformation method was developed by employing different duration of sonication, Agrobacterium strains, type of inoculation medium and concentrations of acetosyringone in Arya cultivar of wheat. Immature embryos were used as an explant for inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the recombinant pBI121 plasmid. Among the durations of sonication t...

Over the years it has been an important goal to optimize the treatment of subfertility in order to obtain a better pregnancy rate and baby-take-home rate, usually combined with the goal of decreasing the rate of multiplet pregnancies. This implies optimizing the development of embryos through improved in vitro culture methods. And it also implies optimizing the methods of selection of embryos f...

ABSTRACT In mammals, sperm-borne regulators can be transferred to oocytes during fertilization and have different effects on the formation of pronuclei, first cleavage zygotes, development preimplantation embryos even metabolism individuals after birth. The regulatory role sperm microRNAs (miRNAs) in bovine has not been reported detail. By constructing screening miRNA expression libraries, we f...

consumers prefer seedless grapes for table and raisin grape industry. release of new superior seedless grape cultivars is one of the main objectives in grape breeding programs. embryo rescue is one of the techniques to develop a new seedless cultivar. therefore, in this study, the effects of bud flower spraying with ba (50 ppm) and ccc (200 ppm) before blooming were studied in ‘flame seedless’ ...

the aim of this study was to examine the possible morphological and morphometric changes resulting from vitrification of embryos at the cleavage stage. in this study, 30 mice early-cleavage embryos at different stages of cleavage, resulting from in vitro fertilization (ivf) techniques, were examined before and after vitrification. digital images were taken from embryos before and after vitrific...

although using of treatment methods of infertility makes the realization of the hope of having children more possible, it makes the infertile families face the multiparity problem. the medical society is trying to decrease the numbers of embryos to fertilize the infertile couples for decreasing their anxiety about having some babies. in this study, we are trying to study the reasons of legality...