The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the importance of knowledge of the internal anatomy of root canals for the success of endodontic treatment. Lack of knowledge of anatomic variations and their characteristics in different teeth has been pointed out as one of the main causes of endodontic therapy failure. In this report, the authors describe the endodontic treatment of a mandibular fi...

Recent advances in the understanding of pain physiology and pharmacology have provided dental practitioners with more reliable information upon which clinical decisions in the treatment of endodontic pain can be based. This article provides practical treatment strategies based upon current scientific evidence and uses information presented in the prior articles of this issue of Endodontic Topic...

Although sodium hypochlorite is the most frequently used canal irrigant during endodontic treatment, its complications are not as well recognized as its effectiveness. This report demonstrates that sodium hypochlorite extrusion during endodontic treatment can cause severe complications. A 5-year-old boy experienced immediate pain and swelling, ecchymosis in surrounding tissues, and profuse blee...

The endodontic treatment of maxillary molar with an aberrant root canal morphology can be diagnostically and technically challenging.1 Unusual root canal morphology in multirooted teeth is a constant challenge for diagnosis and successful endodontic treatment. Presence of extra canals, lateral canals, deltas is commonly encountered.2 This case report is presented to illustrate and describe the ...

Endodontic treatment approaches aim to achieve proper and prevention of apical periodontitis enhance the oral health status prognosis affected teeth. However, many complications can develop secondary endodontic treatment. The management post-treatment might be challenging clinicians, is usually lower than that primary periodontitis. Therefore, identifying potential etiology intervening against ...

introdouction: variations in root canal morphology pose a challenge for successful endodontic treatment. the root canal anatomy of the maxillary first molar has been often described as three roots with four canals (two mesiobuccal, one distobuccal, and one palatal). the occurrence of two palatal canals in one palatal root is quite rare. this report represents the case of a maxillary first molar...

Apical periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory lesion of the periradicular tissue, is caused by etiological agents endodontic origin. It considered as potent communication between microbiological factors and defense system host at interface periodontal ligament infected radicular pulp. Endodontic treatment failure often characterized existence post-treatment apical which may be persistent, recurr...

The benefits of using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as endodontic irrigants, and calcium hydroxide as an inter-appointment medicament, are well known to dentists. Many steps undertaken during endodontic treatment and retreatment are rather mechanical in nature, and less attention is committed to understanding the biological issues underlying endodontic t...