Obesity has become, nowadays, a global concern affecting both developed and developing countries. Nutrition and physical activity represent the major factors influencing energy balance and subsequently weight status. Deciding toward an appropriate intake of all nutrients is seen as necessary to maintain a wholesome lifestyle: among nutrients, sugar plays a major role and its consumption has lon...

industrial energy consumption lies between 30% and 70% of the total energy consumed in selected countries. cement production is one of the most energy intensive industries all around the world. this paper deals with an energy audit analysis in a cement plant in iran. in all recent works, after performing an energy audit, different strategies are offered to reduce energy losses. generally, these...

The use of whole-room calorimetry (WRC) in young children can increase our understanding of children's energy balance. However, studies using WRC in young children are rare due to concerns about its feasibility. To assess the feasibility of WRC in young children, forty children, aged 4–6 years, were asked to follow a graded activity protocol while in a WRC. In addition, six children participate...

Adult male rats were made obese either by tube feeding varying fractions (34%, 47%, 68% or 75%) of their normal food intake or by offering them a varied and palatable diet (cafeteria diet). After 17--30 days of these regimens, the treatments were withdrawn, and the animals were allowed free access to the normal stock diet. Tube-fed animals precisely adjusted voluntary food intake to compensate ...

The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) is one of a suite of five instruments onboard NASA's Terra EOS satellite, launched in December 1999. Typical satellite imagers view the earth from a single direction, but MISR's cameras image the earth simultaneously from nine different directions in four spectral bands. In this way, MlSR provides unique multiangle information about solar radiati...

OBJECTIVE The role of breakfast energy in total daily energy intake is a matter of debate. Acute feeding experiments demonstrated that high breakfast energy leads to greater overall intake supported by cross-sectional data of a free-living population. On the other hand, a large intraindividual analysis has indicated that a high proportion of breakfast to overall intake is associated with lower ...

A double impulse input is used as a substitute for near-fault earthquake ground motions. An explicit expression is derived on the maximum elastic–plastic response of a singledegree-of-freedom damped structure with bilinear hysteresis under the “critical double impulse input” which causes the maximum response for variable impulse interval with the input level kept constant. Owing to the existenc...

The discovery of the adipose-derived hormone leptin has generated enormous interest in the interaction between peripheral signals and brain targets involved in the regulation of feeding and energy balance. Plasma leptin levels correlate with fat stores and respond to changes in energy balance. It was initially proposed that leptin serves a primary role as an anti-obesity hormone, but this role ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW In accordance with US dietary guidance, incorporating variety into the diet can align with energy balance, though greater food variety in some categories may make energy balance more challenging. Thus, experimental and epidemiologic evidence is summarized on the relationship between food variety, food and energy intake, and energy balance. RECENT FINDINGS Lab-based, experime...