Nepal has long aspired to graduate from the Least Development Country (LDC) Developing category as defined by United Nations system. had met two of three graduating criteria and could have technically graduated LDC status in 2015. However, based on government’s request defer review, new 2021 assessment Committee for Policy (CDP) recommended that country should 2026. The graduation requires not ...

Previous studies have shown that the presence of nitrate in drinking water can cause several diseases especially in the infants, such as cancer and blue baby. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has since adopted the 50 mg/l standard as the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for nitrate for regulated public water systems. This study aimed to evaluate the concentration of nitrate in the drink...

In this paper, we propose the knowledgeable envi. ronment as a framework for integrated systems for human-machine co-existing space. In the knowledgeable environment, integration is achieved as knowledge-level communication and cooperation. We abstract all machines as information agents whose roles and communication are understandable for people. Ontology is here used as explicit representation...

So far, segmented remotely sensed images can not be processed independent from the software they have been generated in. To overcome this limitation and to provide a flexible exchange format, it is suggested to store spectral mean values of image objects in generic band sequential (BSQ) files. In doing so, the pool of available image processing methods is considerably widened, because these non...

This paper presents an approach we have recently developed for multi robot cooperation It is based on a paradigm where robots incrementally merge their plans into a set of already coordinated plans This is done through exchange of informa tion about their current state and their future actions This leads to a generic framework which can be applied to a variety of tasks and applications The para...

In this paper, estimation and tracking of the propagation delays, also known as code acquisition and tracking, in an asynchronous DS-CDMA system are considered. Of special interest is the performance in a near-far environment and the proposed estimator is shown to be near-far resistant. The suggested technique is subspace based and relies on recursively tracking the signal subspace, followed by...

1Member of JSCE, Ph.D., Researcher, Dept. of Civil Eng., Univ. of Tokyo (Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan) 2Member of JSCE, Dr. Eng., Professor, Dept. of Civil Eng., Univ. of Tokyo (Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan) 3Member of JSCE, Ph.D., Professor, Inst. of Tibetan Plateau Research, CAS (Beijing 100085, China) 4Ph.D., Professor, Cold and Arid Regions Envi. and Eng. Research Inst., CAS (Lanzho...

Based on canonical correlation analysis the iteratively re-weighted multivariate alteration detection (MAD) method is used to successfully perform unsupervised change detection in bi-temporal Landsat ETM+ images covering an area with villages, woods, agricultural fields and open pit mines in North RhineWestphalia, Germany. A link to an example with ASTER data to detect change with the same meth...