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This article identifies environmental pollution as a result of unnecessary use of scarce resources or a substance released to the air, water, or land that could harm human health or the environment. It is proposed that instead of incurring cost to remedy an environmental disaster or to prevent pollution through investment in carbon intensive energy infrastructure, a more practical and cost effe...

This paper reviews recent work on the implications of endogenous policy for the effects of trade on the environment and the sustainability of renewable resource stocks. A recognition that pollution policy is endogenous has had a major impact on the trade and environment literature and has reversed some of the previously established empirical findings. Work on pollution has proceeded faster than...

air quality is a topic of crucial importance, because air pollution is one of the most important pollution problems in the world. in particular, predicting or detecting a future extreme air pollution episode or predicting the violation of an air quality standard, is of crucial interest in the field of pollution control. there have been a variety of attempts to reach this purpose both from the p...

polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) have been widely used to flame-retard products common in homes and theworkplace, and subsequently. polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) typify a class of highly toxic, stable aromaticpollutants. pcbs are recently being scrutinized for potential environment damage in groundwater and in theatmosphere. the elimination of chemical pollutants from a contaminated environm...

For the mitigation of long-term pollution threats, one must consider that both the process of environmental degradation and the switchover to new and cleaner technologies are dynamic. We develop a model of a uniform good that can be produced by either a polluting technology or a clean one; the latter is more expensive and requires investment in capacity. We derive the socially optimal pollution...