This paper provides a general framework for understanding consumer behavior related to goods and services that may be considered environmentally friendly, ethically produced, fairly traded, or some combination thereof. This paper generalizes the impure public good model and derives its comparative static properties. The model accounts for any number of impure public (green) goods and joint prod...

A goods and services approach has been applied to determine the economic value of marine biodiversity in the UK. This paper presents the goods and services resulting from marine biodiversity in UK waters, detailing the habitats and species which provide them, and the likely impact of a decrease in biodiversity. Where possible a monetary value was assigned to each of the goods and services. Valu...

It is well recognized that ecological systems generate a spectrum of diverse benefits that are vital to humankind. Sustainable environmental management requires an adequate consideration of ecosystem goods and services. The problem, however, is that many of the ecological and social amenities are not currently incorporated into the decision-making process. A fundamental issue is getting at the ...

Research into the sustainability of geothermal energy previously focused on the management and use of the resource (Rybach and Mongillo, 2006) and the environmental impacts during geothermal energy production (Bloomfield et al., 2003; Reed and Renner, 1995). Within these constraints, studies have shown that there will be less impact on air emissions (including greenhouse gases), water consumpti...

Despite the recommendation in national asthma guidelines to target indoor environmental exposures, most insurers generally have not covered the outreach, education, environmental assessments, or durable goods integral to home environmental interventions. However, emerging payment approaches offer new potential for coverage of home-based environmental intervention costs. These opportunities are ...

Healthy natural ecosystems such as forests, rivers, coral reefs, and wetlands can be viewed as “natural capital,” because they in effect provide “goods and services” that are fundamental to human wellbeing. However, the benefits of these ecosystems largely fall outside of formal markets and are therefore undervalued. Thus, mobilizing financial capital to conserve and sustain such natural capita...