The seasons in the 1 year study were classified as rainy, transitional rainy-dry, dry, and transitional dry-rainy. Semen pH and the consistency of the testes did not vary between seasons or among rams. All other characteristics of semen and testis varied between rams. Significant seasonal differences were observed for ejaculate volume, mass, % motility, forward motility score and concentration ...

A 19 year old presented with a progressive decline in ejaculate volume over 2 weeks, followed by a complete absence of ejaculate emission. A post-ejaculatory urine specimen demonstrated spermatozoa confirming a diagnosis of retrograde ejaculation. Investigations revealed a raised blood glucose level of 24.5 mmol/L and HbA1c >15%, with positive tests for anti-GAD antibodies and anti-IA2 antibodi...

To establish the evolutionary association between the equine 1 H7 HA and M genes, phylogenetic analyses of the six internal gene segments of equine 1 influenza viruses (H7N7 subtype) were performed using partial nucleotide sequences. The results demonstrated that five internal genes (PBI, PB2, PA, NP and NS) of equine 1 viruses isolated after 1964 were replaced by those of equine 2 H3N8 viruses...

Though others may have found this question hard to swallow (ba-dum-tcchh!), having the strength to be open about this is admirable. Finding yourself with a case of the runs can certainly put a damper on your whole sexual experience. While a semen allergy is one possible cause of dicey bowels, such allergies are quite rare. Perhaps you?ll be relieved to hear that it?s more likely that your diarr...

Though others may have found this question hard to swallow (ba-dum-tcchh!), having the strength to be open about this is admirable. Finding yourself with a case of the runs can certainly put a damper on your whole sexual experience. While a semen allergy is one possible cause of dicey bowels, such allergies are quite rare. Perhaps you?ll be relieved to hear that it?s more likely that your diarr...

Though others may have found this question hard to swallow (ba-dum-tcchh!), having the strength to be open about this is admirable. Finding yourself with a case of the runs can certainly put a damper on your whole sexual experience. While a semen allergy is one possible cause of dicey bowels, such allergies are quite rare. Perhaps you?ll be relieved to hear that it?s more likely that your diarr...

Ejaculates (n=344) were collected from 35 Polish Landrace boars. The ejaculates were assigned to one of four groups according to the total number of spermatozoa in an ejaculate. Morphometrical measurements of spermatozoa with proper morphology were performed. Spermatozoa with smaller head length and head area were found in ejaculates with the greatest total sperm number (more than 120 x 10(9) s...

The reproductive characteristics and seminal carnitine and acetylcarnitine content as well as carnitine acetyltransferase activity of young Maremmano stallions (n=25) are reported. The stallions were subjected to semen collection in November and January; in each trial two ejaculates were collected 1h apart. The total motile morphologically normal spermatozoa (TMMNS) and the progressively motile...

The endotheliotropism of equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) leads to encephalomyelitis secondary to vasculitis and thrombosis in the infected horse central nervous system (CNS). To identify the host factors involved in EHV-1 infection of CNS endothelial cells, we performed functional cloning using an equine brain microvascular endothelial cell cDNA library. Exogenous expression of equine major histoc...

Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), oxytocin and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) have been used in bulls, rams, boars, stallions or rodents to increase sperm numbers in the ejaculate. Improving sperm quantity in the canine ejaculate would benefit all assisted reproductive techniques used in this species. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of PGF2α, oxytocin and GnRH on ca...