This essay looks at the use of vernacular web culture by new right. Specifically it focuses on how, in recent years, right appropriated a genre aesthetics known as ‘vapourwave’ to create sub-genre ‘fashwave’. Like vapourwave before it, fashwave taps into cultural imaginary that is nostalgic for an imagined ‘cyberpunk’ past future — but while former has been subject monograph (Tanner 2016), very...

This paper examines the utilization of mantra light and its associated maṇḍala practices by Wang Hongyuan 王弘願 (1876–1937), a Chinese Buddhist during Republican Period, his adherents, which has not yet been noticed previous scholars. With import esoteric doctrines from Japan, light, was rarely used in pre-modern China, gained renewed significance. led to widespread adoption ritual this surroundi...