We examined the effect of estrogen on pressor responses to an alpha1-adrenoreceptor agonist (phenylephrine) in conscious female Wistar-Kyoto rats. At the age of 11 weeks, rats underwent ovariectomy or a sham procedure. At the age of 15 weeks, ovariectomized (OVX) rats received intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate (EV) 5 microg (OVX+EV 5 microg group; n = 6), EV 25 microg (OVX+EV 25 mic...

Mean serum concentrations of oestradiol-17beta, oestrone, and oestrone sulphate in postmenopausal women were the same when measured up to six hours after treatment with either piperazine oestrone sulphate 1.5 mg or oestradiol valerate 2 mg. Maximum concentrations of oestradiol were less than those of oestrone, but oestrone sulphate reached concentrations about 30 times higher than those of oest...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the lowest effective dose of combined estrogen and progestogen (E(2)+P) add-back therapy during post-operative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment for endometriosis in Chinese women. STUDY DESIGN The study enrolled 81 patients aged 18 to 50 years with stage III or IV endometriosis, as diagnosed by surgery. All patients were given GnRHa 3.6 mg by subc...

The present study tested the hypothesis that if polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) results from activating the noradrenergic outflow to the ovary, unilaterally sectioning the superior ovarian nerve (SON) will result in ovulation by the denervated ovary, and the restoration of progesterone (P4), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) normal serum level. A single 2 mg dose of estradiol valerate (EV) t...

Dienogest is a hybrid synthetic gestagen which shares characteristics with 19-nortestosterone and progesterone derivatives, and also has advantageous substance specific pharmacological features. These include a high oral bioavailability, strong suppressive effect on the endometrium, lack of oestrogenic and androgenic effects, with a significant antiandrogenic efficacy component. Due to its reli...

BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrases (CAs), a group of metalloenzymes, are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes such as acid-base balance, gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, ureagenesis, electrolyte secretion in various tissues, bone resorption and calcification, and tumorigenicity. In the current study, we aimed to determine and compare possible alterations in the activity of car...

Background: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Letrozole an orally active aromatase inhibitor and as effective chlomiphene citrate for induction ovulation. Estrogen important the regeneration growth endometrium prior to ovulation prepare tissue respond progesterone post patients. Aim study was assess effects estradiol valerate on endometrial thickness having with ...

BACKGROUND Whether acupuncture is effective for relieving perimenopausal syndrome has been controversial recently. In this article, we report the protocol of a randomized controlled trial using acupuncture to treat perimenopausal syndrome, aiming to answer this controversy. DESIGN A multicenter randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms is underway in China. Two hundred and six women ...

OBJECTIVE The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of L-arginine on the learning and memory of estradiol-treated ovariectomized (OVX) rats. METHODS Forty-eight rats were divided into six groups: (1) sham, (2) OVX, (3) sham-Est, (4) OVX-Est, (5) sham-Est-LA, and (6) OVX-Est-LA. The animals of the sham-Est and OVX-Est groups were treated by weekly injection of estradiol valerate...