In recent decades, democratic countries have signed hundreds of international environmental agreements (IEAs). Most of these are weak and do not include effective enforcement. To study this puzzle, we propose a positive theory of IEAs in which the political incumbents negotiate in the shadow of reelections. We show that incumbents are prone to negotiate treaties that are simultaneously overambi...

Kai Nagel,* Dietrich E. Wolf, Peter Wagner, and Patrice Simon Los Alamos National Laboratory, TSA-DO/SA Mail Stop M997, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 Theoretische Physik, Gerhard-Mercator-Universität, 47048 Duisburg, Germany Zentrum für Paralleles Rechnen, Universität zu Köln, 50923 Köln, Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt, Linder Höhe, 51170 Köln, Germany ~Received 18 December 1997!

Received 04 Oct., 2013 Accepted 10 Jan., 2014 (006206) 1 Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá – UEM, Maringá, PR, Brazil, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – UTFPR, Campus Londrina, Tecnologia de Alimentos, Londrina, PR, Brazil 3 Federal University of Latin American Integration – UNILA, Foz do Iguaçú, PR, Brazil *Corresponding author Evalu...

Guilherme Bicalho Saturnino, ∗ Caio Padoan de Sá Godinho, † Denise Fagundes-Lima, ‡ Alcides Castro e Silva, § and Gerald Weber ¶ Departamento de F́ısica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil Departamento de F́ısica, Universidade Federal de de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil

We report on the metagenome of a deep subsurface aquifer in the Tomsk region of Russia, sampled via an oil exploration borehole drilled to a depth of 2.8 km. Methanogenic archaea were present in the water along with members of various bacterial phyla, including Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Ignavibacteriae, and uncultured candidate divisions.

Correspondence address: Carlos Alberto Cordeiro Abreu Filho. Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 2°andar. Cerqueira César. São Paulo, SP. CEP: 05403-001. Tel: (11) 3069-5014. E-mail: [email protected] Carlos Alberto Cordeiro de ABREU FILHO1, Luiz Augusto Ferreira LISBOA1, Luís Alberto Oliveira DALLAN1, Sérgio Almeida de OLIVEIRA1 Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 20(2): 167-173 REVIEW ARTICLE

The Atlantic forest is a terrestrial biome that extends along the Brazilian coast and has been subject of intense deforestation for decades. There are presently several efforts to try to preserve the flora and fauna of what remains from this region (e.g., Coco et al. 2014, Maciel-Silva et al. 2014, Missagia et al. 2014), but several questions on how the distinct floristic units of this biome ar...

Microbiological tests have aided greatly in the isolation work on “L&o!x~ciZZus casei factor,” demonstrated by Snell and Peterson in 1940 (l), and “folic acid,” the nutrient required by Streptococcus lactis R as defined by Mitchell et al. (2). It seems likely that bacterial assays will continue to play an important role in the study of these compounds, since development of chemical methods has ...

SPONTANEOUS rupture of the oesophagus is an uncommon but not a rare condition. Early diagnosis is essential because the patient's only hope for survival lies in early definitive surgery. Even with surgery, the survival rate varies between only 64% (Derbes & Mitchell, 1956) and 73% (Anderson, 1952). Without surgery death is inevitable (Derbes & Mitchell, 1956). The diagnosis is often not difficu...