Supercritical fluids have different properties compared to regular fluids and could play a role as life-sustaining solvents on other worlds. Even on Earth, some bacterial species have been shown to be tolerant to supercritical fluids. The special properties of supercritical fluids, which include various types of selectivities (e.g., stereo-, regio-, and chemo-selectivity) have recently been rec...

We analyze the nonlinear dynamics near the incoherent state in a mean-field model of coupled oscillators. The population is described by a Fokker-Planck equation for the distribution of phases, and we apply center-manifold reduction to obtain the amplitude equations for steady-state and Hopf bifurcation from the equilibrium state with a uniform phase distribution. When the population is describ...

The aqueous solution phase behavior of (ethylene oxide)/ethylene copolymers with varying degree of hydrophobicity is explored using an equation of state approach. The general formalism of the lattice-fluid with hydrogen-bonding theory is employed after a minor adjustment to account for multiple types of hydrogen bonds. The theoretical model is shown to be effective in describing the phase behav...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to improve the drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and sustained-release properties of supercritical CO(2)-based drug-loaded polymer carriers via a process of suspension-enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO(2) (SpEDS), which is an advanced version of solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO(2) (SEDS). METHODS Methotrexate nanoparticles were ...

When identical chaotic oscillators interact, a state of complete or partial synchronization may be attained in which the motion is restricted to an invariant manifold of lower dimension than the full phase space. Riddling of the basin of attraction arises when particular orbits embedded in the synchronized chaotic state become transversely unstable while the state remains attracting on the aver...

Reaction conditions, temperature and pressure ranges, for various chemical recycling proc‐ esses of polyesters are sketched in Figure 1. So far, various recycling processes for polyesters have been investigated and developed, as reviewed by Paszun and Spychaj [1]: alcoholysis with methanol or ethanol, glycolysis with ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, alkali hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide, ...