Harmonic resonances are part of the power quality (PQ) problems electrified railways and have serious consequences for continuity service integrity components in terms overvoltage stress. The interaction between traction stations (TPSs) trains that causes line is briefly reviewed, showing dependence on infrastructure conditions. objective monitoring resonance conditions at onboard pantograph in...

The occurrence of transgenic herbicide-resistant oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in ruderal (non-crop disturbed) areas has not been investigated previously in Canada. The primary objective of this study was to document their occurrence in two main ruderal areas (along railways and roads) in the province of Saskatchewan, where half of all oilseed rape is grown, and at the port of Vancouver, Britis...

For the Round Table participants, the idea implicit in the separation between infrastructure manager and providers of transport services in the rail sector is actually to end another form of separation, namely that between the railways and the transport market. Many experts think that a single national railway undertaking is far too rigid to be able to develop a full range of products capable o...

During the 19th century, Ottoman Empire experienced an increased integration into world economy, primarily through development of bilateral trade with European markets. This study examines determinants its trading partners between 1878 and 1913 using a panel regression framework. The results indicate that GDP partners, distance, common borders, adoption metric system significantly affected trad...

Although Chinese Railways remains largely a government owned vertically integrated system, track access charges were implemented for passenger trains in 2005 and freight 2017. In recent years, many joint venture railway companies local have been set up to bring funding from provincial governments, state-owned enterprises private the construction of new lines. The coexistence different interconn...

When rails are laid in a railway track, small gaps are left between the ends of adjoining rails to allow for the expansion of the rails when the temperature rises. Rail joints are provided to form a continuous rail path which are normally laid in standard lengths bolted together by fishplates. When two rail joints are exactly opposing each other, they are called square (side by side) joints...

Progress of construction technology Japan has a relatively small proportion of lowland, consisting mainly of alluvial coastal plains. Railway construction started in the early Meiji Era (1868–1912) and since the construction technology was still immature, the first lines were built in level coastal areas. The rails were laid mostly on earth structures such as embankments and cuttings. Many rail...

Automatic Train Operation (ATO) is well-known in urban railways and gets increasing interest from mainline at present to improve capacity punctuality. A main function of ATO the train trajectory generation that specifies speed profile over given running route considering timetable characteristics infrastructure. This paper proposes assesses different possible architecture configurations through...