The authors' objective was to determine the effects of bar diameter on the stiffness and cost of a knee-spanning external fixator. The authors studied 2 versions of an external fixator with a difference in bar diameter (small bars, 8-mm diameter; large bars, 11-mm diameter). Fixators were tested using frame dimensions and a synthetic fracture model appropriate for a tibial plateau fracture. Fiv...

The purpose of this study was to test and compare external fixator construct stiffness using pin-to-bar clamps or multipin clamps across 2 external fixation systems. Constructs were tested with 8-mm and 11-mm-diameter bar systems and pin-to-bar or multipin clamps. Three construct designs were tested: construct 1 with a single crossbar and pin-to-bar clamps, construct 2 with 2 crossbars and pin-...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of unilateral external fixator as primary and definitive treatment for open tibial fractures, fractures with severe soft tissues injuries, threatened compartment syndrome, and in multiply injured patients. Two hundred and twenty-three tibial shaft fractures (212 patients) were treated. In open fractures, union was achieved in 25 weeks, whi...

Pin track sepsis is a common complication of circular external fixation. HIV status has been implicated as an independent risk factor for the development of pin track infection and has been cited as a reason not to attempt complex limb reconstruction in HIV-positive patients. This retrospective review of patients treated with circular external fixators looked at the incidence of pin track sepsi...

Tibial malunions, which result in deformities such shortening, lengthening, aberrant rotation, or angulation, are characterised by the healing of tibial fractures an unacceptably abnormal alignment These can have adverse effects on patients, as pain and gait disturbance, well long term development post-traumatic arthritis. Treatment options included osteotomies, plate screws, intramedullary nai...

to check the normal alignment of the fractured bone Fracture of Radiusulna and Tibiafibula is more fragments. Postoperative treatment followed for 5 common in dogs. Road traffic accidents are the days that is injection Cefazolin sodium at the dose rate principal cause of compound and complicated fractures of 20mg/ kg body weight daily. The k-wires entry and of these bones in canines due to less...