Oculomotor disturbances commonly occur as manifestations of Graves’ Oohthalmomthv. We investieated the outcome of this disorderfollowing e&ernal-beam orbital radiotherapy. We conducted a prospective study on 15 patients to assess the extent of ophthalmopathy by clinical evaluation, and measurement of the amplitude of gaze and the thickness of the extraocular muscles on computed axial tomography...

The saccadic system accurately compensates for perturbations of eye position produced by microstimulation of the superior colliculus. This requires that information about the stimulation-induced change in eye position be provided by an extraretinal source--either proprioceptive endings in extraocular muscles or a centrally generated corollary discharge. It is shown that compensation remains int...

Patients with Takayasu arteritis often present with reduced vision related either to the disease per se or due to complications of therapy. We report a patient with Takayasu arteritis who developed acute onset bilateral visual loss 6wks following percutaneous revascularization of occluded aortic arch branches. No ocular cause for the visual loss was evident. The reason for visual loss in this p...

The aetiology of ophthalmoplegia in 15 patients with carotid-cavernous sinus fistula is discussed, and the clinical findings are correlated with angiographic and orbital CT appearances. After closure of the fistula the majority of patients with generalised ophthalmoplegia recovered full ocular movements rapidly, while patients with an isolated abduction weakness required much longer to return t...

Myasthenia gravis is typically a disease of young people in active employment who need a field of binocular single vision. Although it is systemically controllable with a good chance of spontaneous remission, persistent loss of binocularity may cause chronic disability. We report our experience of extraocular muscle surgery in five patients with stable myasthenia gravis and persistent double vi...

We investigated the organization of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and the T cell receptor beta chain (T$) gene loci in 20 ocular adnexal and four extraocular lymphoid neoplasms obtained from 1 8 patients presenting with an ocular adnexal lymphoid neoplasm. Fifteen ocular adnexal and four extraocular lymphoid neoplasms occurring in 1 3 patients were classified by morphological examination...

Presentation of one case of extraocular muscle enlargement caused by cysticercosis, its clinical, diagnostic and treatment aspects, and review of the literature on this theme. A female 38-year-old patient with extraocular muscle enlargement and a small cystic lesion at the superior rectus muscle insertion was treated with oral prednisone for almost one year, with a non-specific inflammation of ...

Six patients with blowout fractures of the orbital floor, not associated with infraorbital rim fractures, are presented. Diplopia, infraorbital anesthesia and enophthalmos following blunt trauma to the eye should alert the examiner to the possibility of a blowout fracture with incarceration of extraocular tissues. Early roentgenographic examinations are often difficult to evaluate because of pe...

The technique and results of conjunctival autograft transplantation for advanced and recurrent pterygium are presented for 57 eyes of 54 patients. The pterygia were primary in 16 eyes and recurrent in 41; among the latter group, 14 patients had diplopia resulting from cicatricial involvement of the medial rectus muscle. In all cases, free conjunctival grafts from the superotemporal bulbar conju...

Extraocular muscle involvement in orbital disease is most frequently seen as a feature of thyroid orbitopathy (Graves' disease). However, a wide range of other conditions may alter the size, shape, and function of these muscles, with characteristic clinical manifestations or abnormalities visible on orbital imaging. The differential diagnosis of muscle disease can be narrowed by careful analysi...